Social Science 10th Previous Year Question Paper 2019 SET-I (CBSE)

Social Science

Section – A

Q.1. Explain the aim to form ‘Zollverein’ a Customs Union, in 1834 in Germany. 

OR

Q.1. Explain the main reason responsible for the eruption of a major protest in Saigon Native Girls School in Vietnam in 1926. 

Answer: Zollverein was a customs union formed in 1834 at the initiative of Prussia. The union abolished tariff barriers and internal custom dues and was willing to establish free trade with neighbouring states. It reduced the number of currencies from thirty to two. Most German states joined the Zollverein.

OR

Answer: A major protest occurred in Saigon Native Girls School in 1926. This protest erupted because a Vietnamese girl sitting in one of the front seats was asked to move back and make space for a French student. She was expelled when she refused to obey the order of the Principal. Other students supporting her were also expelled by the principal who was a colon. This led to spread of open protests.

 

Q.2. Why was printing of textbooks sponsored by the Imperial State in China? 

OR

Q.2. Why did Chandu Menon give up the idea of translation of ‘English Novels’ in Malayalam?

Answer: The printing of textbooks were sponsored by the Imperial State in China because China possessed a large bureaucratic system, which recruited their personnel through Civil service examinations. That is why, textbooks were printed in large numbers to provide them study material.

OR

Answer: The readers in Kerala were not familiar with the lifestyle of the characters portrayed in english Novels. Direct translation of english novels into Malayalam was thus making the novels boring because the readers could not relate. Thus, Chandu menon gave up the idea of translating them and wrote a story in Malayalam instead.

 

Q.3. How has Shillong solved the problem of acute shortage of water? 

OR

Q.3. How has Tamil Nadu solved the problem of acute shortage of water ?

Answer: Shillong has been able to deal with the problem of acute shortage of water by setting up Bamboo drip irrigation systems.

OR

Answer: Tamil Nadu has been able to deal with the problem of acute shortage of water by adopting Rooftop water harvesting techniques.

 

Q.4. How did the feeling of alienation develop among the Sri Lankan Tamils?

Answer: The measures of the act of 1956 introduced by Sinhalese Government made the Sri Lankan Tamils feel alienated. They felt that none of the major political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhalese were sensitive towards their language and culture. They also felt that the constitution and policies of the government denied them equal political rights, discriminated against them in terms of jobs and other opportunities by ignoring their interests.

 

Q.5. What may be a developmental goal of farmers who depend only on rain for growing crops?

OR

Q.5. What may be a developmental goal of urban unemployed youth?

Answer: The developmental goal for a farmer who depends only on rain for irrigating his crops might be to have access to better water harvesting and irrigation techniques.

OR

Answer: The developmental goal for an urban unemployed youth would be to get a decent job suitable to his/her qualifications and skills.

 

Q.6. Give one example each of modem currency and older currency. 

Answer: An example of modem currency is the plastic money that we use in the form of debit and credit cards.

An example of older currency is the bronze coins that were used in earlier times.

 

Q.7. If you want to purchase an electrical valuable good, what logo would you like to see to confirm its quality?

 

Section -B

Q.8. Describe the great economic hardship that prevailed in Europe during the 1930s. 

OR

Q.8. Describe the serious problem faced by the modem part of Hanoi in 1903.

Answer: Great economic hardships were faced by the people of Europe in the 1930s. Some of the difficulties that they faced are:

  • The ratio of the rise of the population was larger than that of employment generation. People from rural areas were migrating to cities in search of employment, which was not as easily available because of overcrowding.
  • Small producers in towns (especially textile-producing industries) were often overthrown by the cheap machines. They faced stiff competition from imports from England.
  • Peasants still suffered under the burden of feudal dues and obligations in some regions of Europe. Rise of food prices and unemployment led to widespread pauperism in the country.

OR

Answer: The French sought to create a modem Vietnam and decided to rebuild Hanoi. The latest ideas about architecture and modem engineering skills were employed to build a new and ‘modem’ city.

(i) However, in 1903, the modem part of Hanoi was struck by bubonic plague.

(ii) The French part had wide avenues and well-planned sewer system, while the native quarter was not provided with any modem facilities. Thus, the refuse from the old city drained straight out into the river or, during heavy rains of floods, overflowed into the streets which become the cause of the plague.

(iii) Large sewers became a breeding ground for rats which began to enter the well-cared-for homes of the French through the sewage pipes, followed by massive rat hunt programme. This deteriorated the conditions. The whole city was under severe influence of this plague.

 

Q.9. How had the printing press created a new culture of reading in Europe? Explain with examples. 

OR

Q.9. How did Charles Dickens depicted the terrible effects of industrialisation on people’s lives and characters? Explain with examples.

Answer: With the introduction of the Printing Press, a new wave of print culture began in Europe. It was defined by accelerated production of books and printed material. The mass production of books lead to decrease in the prices of the books and their circulation increased. The reading culture was not restricted only to the elites but now, even the common people began to have easy access to these books.

Printers also focused on publishing the folk tales and ballads, well illustrated with pictures so that the books could be enjoyed even by a less educated audience of the villages. The books gave an opportunity to more and more people to come in contact with the ideas of philosophers and leading thinkers of the time. Thus, this changed the reading culture of Europe widely.

OR

Answer: Hard times was the tenth novel written by Charles Dickens. It was published in 1854. The process of industrialization and its effect on the labour force was the main theme of this novel. Set in the backdrop of a fictitious industrial city of Coketown, the novel sketches the condition of the then cities that were full of machinery, chimneys and smoke. The labours of the industries were considered to be ‘hands’ of the industries.

The economic pressures of the time had reduced human beings to mere instruments of production. One of his other novels, Oliver Twist also revolves around the same theme of consequences of industrialisation. Thus, Dickens proved that the prevailing idea of Utilitarianism which believed in the “the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people” actually lead to the misery of several other or the happiness of the influential lead to the misery of the labourers.

 

Q.10. Describe any three main features of ‘Alluvial soil’ found in India.

OR

Q.10. Describe any three main features of ‘Black soil’ found in India.

Answer: Major characteristics of Alluvial Soil are:

  • Alluvial soil is considered as one of the most fertile soils. Alluvial soil covers the entire northern plains in India.
  • Alluvial soil contains sand, silt and clay mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra rivers.

According to age, it is classified into Bangar (old alluvial) and Khadar (new alluvial).

  • Alluvial soil contains an ample amount of potash, phosphoric acid and lime. This soil is ideal for the growth of crops like sugarcane, wheat and rice etc.

OR

Answer: Major characteristics of Black soil are:

  • Black soil is fine textured and clayey in nature.
  • Black soil has high amount of lime, iron, magnesium and generally low quantities of ‘Phosphorus, Nitrogen and organic matter.
  • It is formed from weathered lava rocks, thus is black in colour.
  • It has a high clay content and therefore is highly retentive of water. It is extremely fertile in most of the places where it is found.

 

Q.11. “The dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods.” Analyse the statement. 

Answer: Our first Prime Minister, Mr Jawaharlal Nehru, called the dams as “the temple of modem India”. These dams that have been constructed to support the economic development of the country, can be destructive at times.

They may cause floods because sometimes, they are constructed without proper planning and also low standard construction material is used. This inferior quality of construction material increases the chances of floods. Construction of these dams can make the area in which they are constructed, ‘earthquake-prone’, which may lead to landslides and the water to flow out of dams.

 

Q.12. Name any two subjects that are included in the Concurrent List. How are laws made on these subjects? Explain.

OR

Q.12. How is the sharing of power between the Union and the State Governments basic to the structure of the Constitution of India? Explain.

Answer: Concurrent List includes subjects of common interest to both the Union and State government. These subjects are education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession etc.

Both the state and the Union governments can make laws on these subjects. But if the laws made by both the government contradict each other, or a deadlock is created, then the law made by the Union government will prevail.

OR

Answer: Sharing of power between the Union and the State governments is very basic to the structure of the Constitution. The Constitution has distributed the legislative powers between the state government and Union government by dividing the subjects in Union list and State list, on which, these governments can make laws respectively. There is a Concurrent list as well on which, both the governments can make laws.

Also, State governments enjoy their own power in the states like Jammu and Kashmir. Many provisions of the Indian Constitution are not applicable in the states without the approval of the state government. On the other hand, the Union government enjoys its own hold over some of the union territories. This distribution of power is well embedded in the provisions of the constitution and is thus is its basic structure.

 

Q.13. “Every social difference does not lead to social division.” Justify the statement.

Answer: Social differences do not always lead to social division. They sometimes unite very different people and bring them closer by penetrating through their boundaries.

In this connection, we may take the example of the athletes Tommie Smith, Peter Norman and John Carlos who had participated in the 1968 Olympics held in Mexico. Both Smith and Carlos were African-American athletes who tried to gain international attention in the medal ceremony by wearing black gloves and raising clenched fists against racial discrimination. They attended the ceremony bare feet with black socks to represent black poverty. Their demonstration was to symbolise black power. Peter Norman was an Australian but still, he supported his co-athletes and wore a human rights badge during the ceremony. This shows that social difference does not always lead to social divisions.

 

Q.14. How can caste take several forms in politics? Explain with examples. 

Answer: Caste is considered to be the sole basis of the social community. People belonging to the same caste belong to a natural social community and have the same interests which they share amongst themselves and no one else. Caste can take various forms in politics.

(i) Caste composition of the electorate is always kept in mind when the nominations are decided by the party during elections. They tend to nominate candidates of different castes so as to muster the necessary support to win elections. When governments are formed, the parties make sure that these candidates of different castes find a place in the setup. Political parties are known to favour some castes and even are recognized as representatives of these castes. This brings prejudice and biases in terms of decisions, ideologies and other such important matters.

(ii) Universal Adult franchise has helped in compelling the political parties to mobilize and have an inclusive approach towards the castes that were earlier ignored by them. However, the inclusion of caste in politics has brought unnecessary violence and controversies. Parties try to favour certain caste and in this way, secure vote bank. Parties also incite people on the pretext of casteism and thus create disasters.

 

Q.15. “Crude oil reserves are limited all over the world. If people continue to extract it at the present rate, the reserves would last only 35 – 40 years more” Explain any three ways to solve this problem. 

Answer: Crude oil is a non- renewable resource of energy. It takes millions of years for the formation of this fuel, because of to which, it must be used judiciously. This type of fuel is being used faster than they are being produced. This causes depletion and scarcity of crude oil. 

Steps which can be taken to conserve this non-renewable source of energy are:

  • Use of public transport like buses and trains instead of self-owned vehicles will help to conserve petroleum. Carpooling will reduce the consumption of this fuel and thus scarcity will be dealt better with.
  • Use of cycles wherever possible instead of using motorbike or car.
  • Waxing floors with beeswax instead of petroleum-based commercial wax can also be beneficial.

 

Q.16. Why is it necessary to increase a large number of banks mainly in rural areas? Explain. 

OR

Q.16. Why are service conditions of formal sector loans better than informal sector? Explain. Answer: It is important to open more banks in rural areas as the formal credit sector is missing. The practice of borrowing from an informal sector that exists in rural areas, for example, local money lenders, has a number of disadvantages.

The informal sector charges high rate of interest. Informal sector makes loans very expensive as there are no external organizations controlling the credit activities of lenders.

Informal sector involves a high degree of risk as there are no proper set of rules for repayment and there is a lot of exploitation of the poor farmers. 

Lenders may exploit the borrowers, they may engage in threats and intimidation to ensure repayment of loans. There is no written agreement between the lender and the borrower. There is no legal recourse in case of informal sources of credit.

OR

Answer: Formal sector: 

  • This sector is mainly supervised by the RBI.
  • It includes banks and cooperatives and thus every clause is in writing and very clear.</li><li>In this, collateral is required.
  • It provides loans comparatively at lower rates.
  • It doesn’t lead to a debt trap.

Informal sector:

  • No external organisation supervises this sector.
  • The lenders are mainly money lenders, friends, relatives, traders and landowners etc.
  • Collateral is not required, thus it involves risk.
  • This sector charges higher interest rates without any rules or regulation.
  • This could lead to a debt trap.

 

Q.17. “How can the Government of India play a major role to make globalization fairer? Explain with examples. 

OR

Q.17. How has globalization affected the life of Indians? Explain with examples.

Answer: Fair globalization would create equal opportunities for all and would ensure that the benefits of globalization are shared better. The government can play a major role in making this possible. The policies of the government must protect the interests of all the people of the country, not only of the rich and powerful. Hence, the government can play a functional role in helping to bridge the gap between the two.

It is necessary for developing countries to have stronger trade and investment rules. They should negotiate at the WTO for fairer rules and regulations.

OR

Answer: Globalization has contributed to the booming of the Indian economy in the following ways:

  • Greater competition among producers resulting from globalisation is a great advantage to consumers as there is greater choice regarding every product before them.
  • Due to globalisation, many MNCs have increased their investments in India, this has not only helped in the inflow of capital but also helped largely in employment generation.
  • Local companies supplying raw materials to the industries that have been set as a result of globalization have prospered by leaps and bounds.
  • Large Indian companies have emerged as multinational companies. This has helped our country to increase bur contacts around the world. Globalisation has helped increase our GDP and per capita income, thus making the living standards better across the globe.

 

Q.18. How are consumers enjoying the ‘right to be informed’ in their daily life? Explain with examples.

 

Section – C

Q.19. How had the ‘First World War created economic problems in India? Explain with examples.

OR

Q.19. How had a variety of cultural processes developed a sense of collective belongingness in India during the 19th century? Explain with examples.

Answer: The economic effects of the First World War were:

  • The First World War led to huge expenditures in defence. These expenditures were to be financed by increasing the taxes and by raising customs duties.
  • During the time of the First World War, crop failure resulted in acute shortage of food.
  • During the war, the food prices increased, they almost doubled between 1913 and 1918. This increased the hardships of the people of India.
  • Villages were called upon to supply soldiers. At some rural places, the colonial government forced people to join the army. It caused widespread resentment and anger amongst the people. It set the stage for the Great Depression.
  • There was spread of influenza epidemic which contributed to the hardships of the people. The war weakened the gold standard.

OR

Answer: Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that they are all part of the same nation and when they discover some unity, it binds them together. This sense of collective belonging unites people of different communities, regions or languages by the experience of many united struggles.

There were also a variety of cultural processes through which nationalism captured people’s imagination. History and fiction, folklore, and songs, popular poems and symbols, all played a vital role in the awakening of the spirit of nationalism. The identity of a nation is often symbolised by a figure or image. It was in the early 19th century, with the growth of nationalism that the identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata. The image was first created by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and in the 1870s he wrote ‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland. Moved by Swadeshi movement, Abanindranath Tagore painted his famous image of Bharat Mata. In this painting, Bharat Mata is portrayed as an ascetic figure, she is calm, composed, divine and spiritual.

Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore. In the late 19th century India, nationalists began recording folk tales sung by bards and they toured villages to gather folk songs and legends.

These tales gave a true picture of traditional culture that had been corrupted and damaged by outside forces. When people would hear these songs, they would be filled with a spirit of belongingness to the country. They felt energised and highly patriotic. It was thus, essential to spread this folk tradition in order to discover citizen’s national identity and restore a sense of pride for their past.

 

Q.20. Describe the role of ‘technology’ in the transformation of the world in the nineteenth century. 

OR

Q.20. Describe the life of workers during the nineteenth century in England.

OR

Q.20. Describe various steps taken to clean up London in the nineteenth century.

Answer: The making of modern Global world was characterized by major discoveries and inventions. Technological inventions helped developing in these ways:

  • Railways, steamships, telegraphs transformed the trade and led to easy transportation of goods and raw materials.
  • Technological advancements stimulated the process of industrialization, which expanded the production of goods and trade.
  • Refrigerated ships made transportation of perishable products, like meat, over long distances easy.
  • There was also the development of the Printing Press that lead to print revolution.
  • Communication was made easy with the invention of telephones, computers and other things like cabels, network towers etc.

OR

Answer: The life of the workers in the 19th century was miserable. They were given lower wages and were made to work for longer hours. This was the reason poverty was more prominent in cities as compared to villages. They had to work in the factories and the working environment was hazardous. They dealt with the machines without proper training and education, which was dangerous.

People from countryside rushed to cities in search of new jobs. Only a few of those, whose friends and relatives were already working into the factory could get jobs. The living conditions were so pathetic that it was expected of such people to die in a workhouse, hospital of lunatic asylum rather than in some decent working areas. Nearly 1 million Londoners (about one-fifth of the population of London at the time_ were very poor and living in un-habitable conditions.

The over-congestion was leading to epidemic diseases in the whole city. There was an urgent need to increase the number of rooms these labourers were living in. There was no proper drinking water available sometimes. The life expectancy of these poor people was nearly 29 Years of age while it was near about 55 years of age for the middle and upper-class people.

OR

Answer: The widespread use of coal in homes and industries in 19th century England raised serious problems. Shopkeepers, home owners and others complained about black fog, grey skies and black vegetation. All these factors caused bad temper, smoke related disorders and dirty clothes.

  • Congestion in the city also led to a desire for clean air. Therefore, attempts were made to decongest the localities, make the open places greener, reduce pollution and make the city more beautiful.
  • Large clocks of apartments were built and methods of control as introduced to ease the impact of an excessive housing shortage.
  • A new garden city of new Earswick was made with common gardens, beautiful views where people would live and work. Architects made efforts to plan a green city with a larger number of green belts and gardens.
  • Between the world wars, a large number of houses—most of them single-family cottages were built for the working class.

A million new houses were built and people were encouraged to live in them.

 

Q.21. Name the two major beverage crops grown ‘.in India. Describe their growing areas. 

Answer: Tea and Coffee are the two most important beverage crops of India.

Assam is the major tea producing state in India along with West Bengal and Tamil Nadu. The cropping season in Assam begins as early as March and extends almost to mid-December. Besides, the popular black tea, Assam also produces small quantities of white and green tea. This state has favourable conditions for the growth of tea. The tea plant grows well in tropical and subtropical climates. It requires deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require moist, frost-free and warm climate all through the year with abundant skilled labour. Frequent evenly distributed showers over the year ensure continuous growth of tender tea leaves.

The following are the conditions required for Tea cultivation:

Temperature: 10-30 degrees Celsius Rainfall- average yearly rainfall of 200 cm Altitude- ground level of between 600-2000 meters above sea level.

Coffee is a tropical plant which is also grown in a semi-tropical climate. The coffee tree requires heat, humidity and abundant rainfall. Karnataka, the largest coffee-producing state has favourable conditions necessary for coffee cultivation.

The temperature of the place is 23°C to 28°C. Growth is most rapid during hot rainy season and during cool dry season, berries ripen and get ready for picking. Bright sunshine and warm weather are necessary for harvesting.

It needs rainfall between 60-85 inches. Water stagnation is very harmful for coffee plants; therefore, hill slopes are best suitable for growing it.

Soil is the guiding factor in coffee plantation. The ideal soil is one with a good sub-surface drainage, and one that is easily workable. The presence of humus and other nitrogenous matter in the soil is an advantage.

 

Q.22. How can the industrial pollution of fresh water be reduced? Explain various ways. 

Answer: Main causes of water pollution is due to the wastes discharged from factories, refineries into the water bodies. These wastes contain harmful chemicals such as alkalis, acids etc. and toxic metals like mercury, lead, arsenic etc. which kill the aquatic life.

The following steps can be taken to reduce the industrial pollution:

  • Restructuring the manufacturing processes to reduce or eliminate pollutants, like, lead, zinc, arsenic through a process called Pollution Prevention. Chimneys for treating of gaseous waste are also important.
  • It is necessary to encourage industries to promote “green” methods of production and products. It includes environment-friendly operating processes.
  • It is advisable to create cooling ponds which are man made and designed to cool the heated waters of industries by evaporation, condensation and radiation.
  • It is very important to attach water treatment plant to the industry for filtration of the sewage before it enters the water bodies. Sewage treatment plants are important for treatment of polluted water.

 

Q.23. “Democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities.” Justify the statement. 

OR

Q.23. “Democracy is a better form of government than any other form of government.” Justify the statement.

Answer: In most of the democracies, a small number of ultra-rich group of people enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and income. The share of rich class is increasing, whereas those who are at the bottom of the society, have very little to depend upon.

Even in India, the poor constitute a large proportion of the voters and no party will like to lose their votes. Yet, democratically elected government does not appear to be keen on addressing the question of poverty as is expected of them. The situation is much worse in some other countries, like in Bangladesh more than half of its population live in poverty. People in several poor countries are now dependent on the rich countries even for basic food supplies.

Democracies are based on political equality. All citizens have equal rights in electing representatives, but this is not so in the economic field. Economic equality comes by the equitable distribution of wealth, but this is not true in democracy. The poor are becoming poorer, and sometimes they find it difficult to even meet the basic needs of life like food, shelter, health and education. There can be many factors that are prevailing in a country that make it incapable to bring about equitable distribution of wealth.

Large population: Rise in population leads to rise in family size. But, because the family income is less the people have to adjust and manage with meagre pay.

Unemployment: Because of the population explosion, the number of job opportunities are very less compared to the people. A ‘ large number of still educated people are without jobs.

Vicious circle of poverty: Poor people still have to be dependent on money-lenders to fulfill their basic needs as their income doesn’t substitute their needs.

Low literacy rate: Education is still considered to be a dream for many.

All of these factors make it difficult for a democratic government to function and work efficiently.

OR

Answer: Democracy is better than other forms of government because:

  • People are their own masters. In a democracy, every individual has a right to vote and choose his representatives in the government. Thus, it is more representative and popular.
  • The government is of the people and the laws are made by the people (or the chosen representatives) in the government. Laws are made to protect the liberty and freedom of the people. Thus, the laws are popular opinion of the citizens on the whole.
  • In a democracy, no particular religion, region, race or language is given special preference.

All individuals are given equal rights and freedom, and there is no discrimination.

  • The government is not by force. The opposition parties are allowed to criticise the government. Hence, there is a system of checks and balances in the form of democratic government.
  • Since every individual is given equal rights, there is less danger of conflicts in society. There are less conflicts based on caste, religion or region and less social tensions in society. Equitable distribution of opportunities is encouraged.

 

Q.24. What is a political party? Explain any four characteristics of a political party.

Answer: Political party is an organised group of people having a common ideology and its aim is to contest elections and come to power.

Four characteristics/features of political parties are given below:

  • Political parties seek control over the government through the process of election.
  • Parties run the government. They ensure that a country is governed as per set ideologies.
  • Parties frame their own policies in the form of manifestos which includes their vision on the basis of which they would establish governance in the country.
  • Political parties make laws and policies for the country. Members of the legislature belong to various political parties and are guided by party ideologies.
  • Parties give representation to diverse interests in society and give recognition to minorities.
  • A political party has a leader, active members and followers who support the party. (Any four)

 

Q.25. Compare the economic activities of the private sector with that of the public sector. 

Answer: 

S.No. Private Sector  Public Sector
1. Ownership of assets and delivery of services is in the hands of private individuals or companies. The govt owns most of the assets and provides all services.
2. Their main motive is to earn a profit. Their main motive is public welfare rather than to earn a profit.
3. The decision regarding production and distribution are taken by managers or owners of the company. The decision regarding production and distribution are taken by the government.
4. Due to the movie of earning a profit, it does not invest funds to construct infrastructures for public utility/facility. Due to motives of public welfare, it invests fund to construct infrastructures for public utility/ facility, like the construction of road, bridges, etc
5. Examples: Tata iron and steel company Ltd. (TISCO), Reliance industries Ltd., Etc. Examples: Railways, post office, police station, etc.

 

Q.26. (A) Two features ‘a’ and ‘b’ are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them: 

(a) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held.

(b) The place where Gandhiji violated the salt law. 

(B) Locate and label any three of the following with appropriate symbols on the same given outline political map of India:

(i) Bokaro – Iron and Steel Plant

(ii) Gandhinagar – Software Technology Park

(iii) Tarapur – Nuclear Power Plant

(iv) Salal – Dam

(v) Tuticorin – Seaport

Answer :

Social Science 10th Previous Year Question Paper 2019 SET-II (CBSE)

Social Science

Section – A

Q.1. Explain the aim to form ‘Zollverein’ a Customs Union, in 1834 in Germany. 

OR

Q.1. Explain the main reason responsible for the eruption of a major protest in Saigon Native Girls School in Vietnam in 1926. 

Answer: Zollverein was a customs union formed in 1834 at the initiative of Prussia. The union abolished tariff barriers and internal custom dues and was willing to establish free trade with neighbouring states. It reduced the number of currencies from thirty to two. Most German states joined the Zollverein.

OR

Answer: A major protest occurred in Saigon Native Girls School in 1926. This protest erupted because a Vietnamese girl sitting in one of the front seats was asked to move back and make space for a French student. She was expelled when she refused to obey the order of the Principal. Other students supporting her were also expelled by the principal who was a colon. This led to spread of open protests.

 

Q.2. Why was printing of textbooks sponsored by the Imperial State in China? 

OR

Q.2. Why did Chandu Menon give up the idea of translation of ‘English Novels’ in Malayalam?

Answer: The printing of textbooks were sponsored by the Imperial State in China because China possessed a large bureaucratic system, which recruited their personnel through Civil service examinations. That is why, textbooks were printed in large numbers to provide them study material.

OR

Answer: The readers in Kerala were not familiar with the lifestyle of the characters portrayed in english Novels. Direct translation of english novels into Malayalam was thus making the novels boring because the readers could not relate. Thus, Chandu menon gave up the idea of translating them and wrote a story in Malayalam instead.

 

Q.3. How has Shillong solved the problem of acute shortage of water? 

OR

Q.3. How has Tamil Nadu solved the problem of acute shortage of water ?

Answer: Shillong has been able to deal with the problem of acute shortage of water by setting up Bamboo drip irrigation systems.

OR

Answer: Tamil Nadu has been able to deal with the problem of acute shortage of water by adopting Rooftop water harvesting techniques.

 

Q.4. Explain the meaning of ‘Majoritarianism’ as practised in Sri Lanka. 

Answer: The dominance of the majority community to rule the country in whichever way it wants totally disregarding the wishes and needs of minority community is known as Majoritarianism. In 1956, an act was passed by the Sinhala government to recognise Sinhala as the official language in Sri Lanka. The Sinhala government gave preferences to the Sinhalese in getting jobs and other such benefits. The Sinhalas completely disregarded the interests of Srilankan Tamils while this act was passed. This is a case of Majoritarianism.

 

Q.5. What may be a developmental goal of farmers who depend only on rain for growing crops?

OR

Q.5. What may be a developmental goal of urban unemployed youth?

Answer: The developmental goal for a farmer who depends only on rain for irrigating his crops might be to have access to better water harvesting and irrigation techniques.

OR

Answer: The developmental goal for an urban unemployed youth would be to get a decent job suitable to his/her qualifications and skills.

 

Q.6. Give anyone example of the methods to make a payment without using cash. 

Answer: Using debit card to book movie tickets, or using Paytm to purchase bread and milk packet from grocery shop is one example of a cashless transaction.

 

Q.7. Which court deals with cases involving claims up to 20 lakhs under COPRA?

 

Section -B

Q.8. Describe the great economic hardship that prevailed in Europe during the 1930s. 

OR

Q.8. Describe the serious problem faced by the modem part of Hanoi in 1903.

Answer: Great economic hardships were faced by the people of Europe in the 1930s. Some of the difficulties that they faced are:

  • The ratio of the rise of the population was larger than that of employment generation. People from rural areas were migrating to cities in search of employment, which was not as easily available because of overcrowding.
  • Small producers in towns (especially textile-producing industries) were often overthrown by the cheap machines. They faced stiff competition from imports from England.
  • Peasants still suffered under the burden of feudal dues and obligations in some regions of Europe. Rise of food prices and unemployment led to widespread pauperism in the country.

OR

Answer: The French sought to create a modem Vietnam and decided to rebuild Hanoi. The latest ideas about architecture and modem engineering skills were employed to build a new and ‘modem’ city.

(i) However, in 1903, the modem part of Hanoi was struck by bubonic plague.

(ii) The French part had wide avenues and well-planned sewer system, while the native quarter was not provided with any modem facilities. Thus, the refuse from the old city drained straight out into the river or, during heavy rains of floods, overflowed into the streets which become the cause of the plague.

(iii) Large sewers became a breeding ground for rats which began to enter the well-cared-for homes of the French through the sewage pipes, followed by massive rat hunt programme. This deteriorated the conditions. The whole city was under severe influence of this plague.

 

Q.9. How had the printing press created a new culture of reading in Europe? Explain with examples. 

OR

Q.9. How did Charles Dickens depicted the terrible effects of industrialisation on people’s lives and characters? Explain with examples.

Answer: With the introduction of the Printing Press, a new wave of print culture began in Europe. It was defined by accelerated production of books and printed material. The mass production of books lead to decrease in the prices of the books and their circulation increased. The reading culture was not restricted only to the elites but now, even the common people began to have easy access to these books.

Printers also focused on publishing the folk tales and ballads, well illustrated with pictures so that the books could be enjoyed even by a less educated audience of the villages. The books gave an opportunity to more and more people to come in contact with the ideas of philosophers and leading thinkers of the time. Thus, this changed the reading culture of Europe widely.

OR

Answer: Hard times was the tenth novel written by Charles Dickens. It was published in 1854. The process of industrialization and its effect on the labour force was the main theme of this novel. Set in the backdrop of a fictitious industrial city of Coketown, the novel sketches the condition of the then cities that were full of machinery, chimneys and smoke. The labours of the industries were considered to be ‘hands’ of the industries.

The economic pressures of the time had reduced human beings to mere instruments of production. One of his other novels, Oliver Twist also revolves around the same theme of consequences of industrialisation. Thus, Dickens proved that the prevailing idea of Utilitarianism which believed in the “the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people” actually lead to the misery of several other or the happiness of the influential lead to the misery of the labourers.

 

Q.10. Describe any three main features of ‘Alluvial soil’ found in India.

OR

Q.10. Describe any three main features of ‘Black soil’ found in India.

Answer: Major characteristics of Alluvial Soil are:

  • Alluvial soil is considered as one of the most fertile soils. Alluvial soil covers the entire northern plains in India.
  • Alluvial soil contains sand, silt and clay mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra rivers.

According to age, it is classified into Bangar (old alluvial) and Khadar (new alluvial).

  • Alluvial soil contains an ample amount of potash, phosphoric acid and lime. This soil is ideal for the growth of crops like sugarcane, wheat and rice etc.

OR

Answer: Major characteristics of Black soil are:

  • Black soil is fine textured and clayey in nature.
  • Black soil has high amount of lime, iron, magnesium and generally low quantities of ‘Phosphorus, Nitrogen and organic matter.
  • It is formed from weathered lava rocks, thus is black in colour.
  • It has a high clay content and therefore is highly retentive of water. It is extremely fertile in most of the places where it is found.

 

Q.11. Analyse the merits of Multipurpose projects. 

Answer: Merits of multipurpose projects are given below:

  • Dams are built for generating hydroelectricity.
  • Canals are made for irrigation purpose.
  • Canals can also be used for inland navigation.
  • Water supply can be used for domestic and industrial purposes.

 

Q.12. Name any two subjects that are included in the Concurrent List. How are laws made on these subjects? Explain.

OR

Q.12. How is the sharing of power between the Union and the State Governments basic to the structure of the Constitution of India? Explain.

Answer: Concurrent List includes subjects of common interest to both the Union and State government. These subjects are education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession etc.

Both the state and the Union governments can make laws on these subjects. But if the laws made by both the government contradict each other, or a deadlock is created, then the law made by the Union government will prevail.

OR

Answer: Sharing of power between the Union and the State governments is very basic to the structure of the Constitution. The Constitution has distributed the legislative powers between the state government and Union government by dividing the subjects in Union list and State list, on which, these governments can make laws respectively. There is a Concurrent list as well on which, both the governments can make laws.

Also, State governments enjoy their own power in the states like Jammu and Kashmir. Many provisions of the Indian Constitution are not applicable in the states without the approval of the state government. On the other hand, the Union government enjoys its own hold over some of the union territories. This distribution of power is well embedded in the provisions of the constitution and is thus is its basic structure.

 

Q.13. “Every social difference does not lead to social division.” Justify the statement.

Answer: Social differences do not always lead to social division. They sometimes unite very different people and bring them closer by penetrating through their boundaries.

In this connection, we may take the example of the athletes Tommie Smith, Peter Norman and John Carlos who had participated in the 1968 Olympics held in Mexico. Both Smith and Carlos were African-American athletes who tried to gain international attention in the medal ceremony by wearing black gloves and raising clenched fists against racial discrimination. They attended the ceremony bare feet with black socks to represent black poverty. Their demonstration was to symbolise black power. Peter Norman was an Australian but still, he supported his co-athletes and wore a human rights badge during the ceremony. This shows that social difference does not always lead to social divisions.

 

Q.14. “Our society is still a male-dominated society.” Explain the statement with the help of examples.

Answer: India is considered to be a patriarchal society because men are in authority over women in all aspects of society.

(i) Political participation of women in India is very less when compared to other countries. Only 10% of the total members in Lok sabha are women. The situation is worse in state assemblies where only 5% of the total members are women. The Women reservation bill to encourage the participation of women is still pending since the past decade.

(ii) Women have entered into every field but they are still paid less than their male counterparts. The proportion of women in highly paid jobs is still less and studies have shown that on average they work more than men and yet paid less. Although the Equal Remuneration Act provides provisions for equal wages should be paid for equal work.

(iii) The literacy rate amongst women is also low as compared to men. The literacy rate is only 54% as compared to 76% among men. This shows the discrimination women have to face. Men are still considered to be the head of the family. A lot of dowry issues still emerge everywhere. Men are known to dominate women in every field using strength as a factor. Women are made to stay quiet even in cases of rapes, betrayal etc.

 

Q.15. “Crude oil reserves are limited all over the world. If people continue to extract it at the present rate, the reserves would last only 35 – 40 years more” Explain any three ways to solve this problem. 

Answer: Crude oil is a non- renewable resource of energy. It takes millions of years for the formation of this fuel, because of to which, it must be used judiciously. This type of fuel is being used faster than they are being produced. This causes depletion and scarcity of crude oil. 

Steps which can be taken to conserve this non-renewable source of energy are:

  • Use of public transport like buses and trains instead of self-owned vehicles will help to conserve petroleum. Carpooling will reduce the consumption of this fuel and thus scarcity will be dealt better with.
  • Use of cycles wherever possible instead of using motorbike or car.
  • Waxing floors with beeswax instead of petroleum-based commercial wax can also be beneficial.

 

Q.16. Why is it necessary to increase a large number of banks mainly in rural areas? Explain. 

OR

Q.16. Why are service conditions of formal sector loans better than informal sector? Explain. Answer: It is important to open more banks in rural areas as the formal credit sector is missing. The practice of borrowing from an informal sector that exists in rural areas, for example, local money lenders, has a number of disadvantages.

The informal sector charges high rate of interest. Informal sector makes loans very expensive as there are no external organizations controlling the credit activities of lenders.

Informal sector involves a high degree of risk as there are no proper set of rules for repayment and there is a lot of exploitation of the poor farmers. 

Lenders may exploit the borrowers, they may engage in threats and intimidation to ensure repayment of loans. There is no written agreement between the lender and the borrower. There is no legal recourse in case of informal sources of credit.

OR

Answer: Formal sector: 

  • This sector is mainly supervised by the RBI.
  • It includes banks and cooperatives and thus every clause is in writing and very clear.
  • In this, collateral is required.
  • It provides loans comparatively at lower rates.
  • It doesn’t lead to a debt trap.

Informal sector:

  • No external organisation supervises this sector.
  • The lenders are mainly money lenders, friends, relatives, traders and landowners etc.
  • Collateral is not required, thus it involves risk.
  • This sector charges higher interest rates without any rules or regulation.
  • This could lead to a debt trap.

 

Q.17. “How can the Government of India play a major role to make globalization fairer? Explain with examples. 

OR

Q.17. How has globalization affected the life of Indians? Explain with examples.

Answer: Fair globalization would create equal opportunities for all and would ensure that the benefits of globalization are shared better. The government can play a major role in making this possible. The policies of the government must protect the interests of all the people of the country, not only of the rich and powerful. Hence, the government can play a functional role in helping to bridge the gap between the two.

It is necessary for developing countries to have stronger trade and investment rules. They should negotiate at the WTO for fairer rules and regulations.

OR

Answer: Globalization has contributed to the booming of the Indian economy in the following ways:

  • Greater competition among producers resulting from globalisation is a great advantage to consumers as there is greater choice regarding every product before them.
  • Due to globalisation, many MNCs have increased their investments in India, this has not only helped in the inflow of capital but also helped largely in employment generation.
  • Local companies supplying raw materials to the industries that have been set as a result of globalization have prospered by leaps and bounds.
  • Large Indian companies have emerged as multinational companies. This has helped our country to increase bur contacts around the world. Globalisation has helped increase our GDP and per capita income, thus making the living standards better across the globe.

 

Q.18. How are consumers enjoying the ‘right to be informed’ in their daily life? Explain with examples.

 

Section – C

Q.19. How had the ‘First World War created economic problems in India? Explain with examples.

OR

Q.19. How had a variety of cultural processes developed a sense of collective belongingness in India during the 19th century? Explain with examples.

Answer: The economic effects of the First World War were:

  • The First World War led to huge expenditures in defence. These expenditures were to be financed by increasing the taxes and by raising customs duties.
  • During the time of the First World War, crop failure resulted in acute shortage of food.
  • During the war, the food prices increased, they almost doubled between 1913 and 1918. This increased the hardships of the people of India.
  • Villages were called upon to supply soldiers. At some rural places, the colonial government forced people to join the army. It caused widespread resentment and anger amongst the people. It set the stage for the Great Depression.
  • There was spread of influenza epidemic which contributed to the hardships of the people. The war weakened the gold standard.

OR

Answer: Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that they are all part of the same nation and when they discover some unity, it binds them together. This sense of collective belonging unites people of different communities, regions or languages by the experience of many united struggles.

There were also a variety of cultural processes through which nationalism captured people’s imagination. History and fiction, folklore, and songs, popular poems and symbols, all played a vital role in the awakening of the spirit of nationalism. The identity of a nation is often symbolised by a figure or image. It was in the early 19th century, with the growth of nationalism that the identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata. The image was first created by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and in the 1870s he wrote ‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland. Moved by Swadeshi movement, Abanindranath Tagore painted his famous image of Bharat Mata. In this painting, Bharat Mata is portrayed as an ascetic figure, she is calm, composed, divine and spiritual.

Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore. In the late 19th century India, nationalists began recording folk tales sung by bards and they toured villages to gather folk songs and legends.

These tales gave a true picture of traditional culture that had been corrupted and damaged by outside forces. When people would hear these songs, they would be filled with a spirit of belongingness to the country. They felt energised and highly patriotic. It was thus, essential to spread this folk tradition in order to discover citizen’s national identity and restore a sense of pride for their past.

 

Q.20. Describe the role of ‘technology’ in the transformation of the world in the nineteenth century. 

OR

Q.20. Describe the life of workers during the nineteenth century in England.

OR

Q.20. Describe various steps taken to clean up London in the nineteenth century.

Answer: The making of modern Global world was characterized by major discoveries and inventions. Technological inventions helped developing in these ways:

  • Railways, steamships, telegraphs transformed the trade and led to easy transportation of goods and raw materials.
  • Technological advancements stimulated the process of industrialization, which expanded the production of goods and trade.
  • Refrigerated ships made transportation of perishable products, like meat, over long distances easy.
  • There was also the development of the Printing Press that lead to print revolution.
  • Communication was made easy with the invention of telephones, computers and other things like cabels, network towers etc.

OR

Answer: The life of the workers in the 19th century was miserable. They were given lower wages and were made to work for longer hours. This was the reason poverty was more prominent in cities as compared to villages. They had to work in the factories and the working environment was hazardous. They dealt with the machines without proper training and education, which was dangerous.

People from countryside rushed to cities in search of new jobs. Only a few of those, whose friends and relatives were already working into the factory could get jobs. The living conditions were so pathetic that it was expected of such people to die in a workhouse, hospital of lunatic asylum rather than in some decent working areas. Nearly 1 million Londoners (about one-fifth of the population of London at the time_ were very poor and living in un-habitable conditions.

The over-congestion was leading to epidemic diseases in the whole city. There was an urgent need to increase the number of rooms these labourers were living in. There was no proper drinking water available sometimes. The life expectancy of these poor people was nearly 29 Years of age while it was near about 55 years of age for the middle and upper-class people.

OR

Answer: The widespread use of coal in homes and industries in 19th century England raised serious problems. Shopkeepers, home owners and others complained about black fog, grey skies and black vegetation. All these factors caused bad temper, smoke related disorders and dirty clothes.

  • Congestion in the city also led to a desire for clean air. Therefore, attempts were made to decongest the localities, make the open places greener, reduce pollution and make the city more beautiful.
  • Large clocks of apartments were built and methods of control as introduced to ease the impact of an excessive housing shortage.
  • A new garden city of new Earswick was made with common gardens, beautiful views where people would live and work. Architects made efforts to plan a green city with a larger number of green belts and gardens.
  • Between the world wars, a large number of houses—most of them single-family cottages were built for the working class.

A million new houses were built and people were encouraged to live in them.

 

Q.21. Name the two major beverage crops grown ‘.in India. Describe their growing areas. 

Answer: Tea and Coffee are the two most important beverage crops of India.

Assam is the major tea producing state in India along with West Bengal and Tamil Nadu. The cropping season in Assam begins as early as March and extends almost to mid-December. Besides, the popular black tea, Assam also produces small quantities of white and green tea. This state has favourable conditions for the growth of tea. The tea plant grows well in tropical and subtropical climates. It requires deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require moist, frost-free and warm climate all through the year with abundant skilled labour. Frequent evenly distributed showers over the year ensure continuous growth of tender tea leaves.

The following are the conditions required for Tea cultivation:

  1. Temperature: 10-30 degrees Celsius Rainfall- average yearly rainfall of 200 cm Altitude- ground level of between 600-2000 meters above sea level.
  2. Coffee is a tropical plant which is also grown in a semi-tropical climate. The coffee tree requires heat, humidity and abundant rainfall. Karnataka, the largest coffee-producing state has favourable conditions necessary for coffee cultivation.
  3. The temperature of the place is 23°C to 28°C. Growth is most rapid during hot rainy season and during cool dry season, berries ripen and get ready for picking. Bright sunshine and warm weather are necessary for harvesting.
  4. It needs rainfall between 60-85 inches. Water stagnation is very harmful for coffee plants; therefore, hill slopes are best suitable for growing it.
  5. Soil is the guiding factor in coffee plantation. The ideal soil is one with a good sub-surface drainage, and one that is easily workable. The presence of humus and other nitrogenous matter in the soil is an advantage.

 

Q.22. How can the industrial pollution of fresh water be reduced? Explain various ways. 

Answer: Main causes of water pollution is due to the wastes discharged from factories, refineries into the water bodies. These wastes contain harmful chemicals such as alkalis, acids etc. and toxic metals like mercury, lead, arsenic etc. which kill the aquatic life.

The following steps can be taken to reduce the industrial pollution:

  • Restructuring the manufacturing processes to reduce or eliminate pollutants, like, lead, zinc, arsenic through a process called Pollution Prevention. Chimneys for treating of gaseous waste are also important.
  • It is necessary to encourage industries to promote “green” methods of production and products. It includes environment-friendly operating processes.
  • It is advisable to create cooling ponds which are man made and designed to cool the heated waters of industries by evaporation, condensation and radiation.
  • It is very important to attach water treatment plant to the industry for filtration of the sewage before it enters the water bodies. Sewage treatment plants are important for treatment of polluted water.

 

Q.23. “Democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities.” Justify the statement. 

OR

Q.23. “Democracy is a better form of government than any other form of government.” Justify the statement.

Answer: In most of the democracies, a small number of ultra-rich group of people enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and income. The share of rich class is increasing, whereas those who are at the bottom of the society, have very little to depend upon.

Even in India, the poor constitute a large proportion of the voters and no party will like to lose their votes. Yet, democratically elected government does not appear to be keen on addressing the question of poverty as is expected of them. The situation is much worse in some other countries, like in Bangladesh more than half of its population live in poverty. People in several poor countries are now dependent on the rich countries even for basic food supplies.

Democracies are based on political equality. All citizens have equal rights in electing representatives, but this is not so in the economic field. Economic equality comes by the equitable distribution of wealth, but this is not true in democracy. The poor are becoming poorer, and sometimes they find it difficult to even meet the basic needs of life like food, shelter, health and education. There can be many factors that are prevailing in a country that make it incapable to bring about equitable distribution of wealth.

Large population: Rise in population leads to rise in family size. But, because the family income is less the people have to adjust and manage with meagre pay.

Unemployment: Because of the population explosion, the number of job opportunities are very less compared to the people. A ‘ large number of still educated people are without jobs.

Vicious circle of poverty: Poor people still have to be dependent on money-lenders to fulfill their basic needs as their income doesn’t substitute their needs.

Low literacy rate: Education is still considered to be a dream for many.

All of these factors make it difficult for a democratic government to function and work efficiently.

OR

Answer: Democracy is better than other forms of government because:

  • People are their own masters. In a democracy, every individual has a right to vote and choose his representatives in the government. Thus, it is more representative and popular.
  • The government is of the people and the laws are made by the people (or the chosen representatives) in the government. Laws are made to protect the liberty and freedom of the people. Thus, the laws are popular opinion of the citizens on the whole.
  • In a democracy, no particular religion, region, race or language is given special preference.

All individuals are given equal rights and freedom, and there is no discrimination.

  • The government is not by force. The opposition parties are allowed to criticise the government. Hence, there is a system of checks and balances in the form of democratic government.
  • Since every individual is given equal rights, there is less danger of conflicts in society. There are less conflicts based on caste, religion or region and less social tensions in society. Equitable distribution of opportunities is encouraged.

 

Q.24. Explain any five functions of the ruling party. 

Answer: Functions of the Ruling Party are following:

  • The ruling party is one which has anchored dominant part in elections and has framed the legislature. Ruling party guarantees that the nation keeps running according to set belief systems and projects.
  • Ruling Party offers portrayal to different enthusiasm for society, they offer acknowledgement to minorities and give access to individuals to government machinery. The nationals can likewise vent their complaints to nearby local party leaders regarding any arrangement and its execution.
  • Party in power reassures and makes individuals mindful about its welfare plans, it encourages individuals to think about its accomplishments, its plan and profit and its advantages.
  • It establishes foreign relations and decide the foreign policy of the country. Thus the future and the reputation of the country is upheld by them.
  • Ruling Party organises schemes and campaigns for the welfare of the people. It makes schemes for the development of society both culturally and economically.

 

Q.25. Explain any five differences between organised and unorganised sectors. 

Answer: Five differences between organised and unorganised sectors are as follows:

 

 

Q.26. (A) Two features ‘a’ and ‘b’ are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them: 

(a) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held.

(b) The place where Gandhiji violated the salt law. 

(B) Locate and label any three of the following with appropriate symbols on the same given outline political map of India:

(i) Bokaro – Iron and Steel Plant

(ii) Gandhinagar – Software Technology Park

(iii) Tarapur – Nuclear Power Plant

(iv) Salal – Dam

(v) Tuticorin – Seaport

Answer :

Social Science 10th Previous Year Question Paper 2019 SET-III (CBSE)

Social Science

Section – A

Q.1. Explain the aim to form ‘Zollverein’ a Customs Union, in 1834 in Germany. 

OR

Q.1. Explain the main reason responsible for the eruption of a major protest in Saigon Native Girls School in Vietnam in 1926. 

Answer: Zollverein was a customs union formed in 1834 at the initiative of Prussia. The union abolished tariff barriers and internal custom dues and was willing to establish free trade with neighbouring states. It reduced the number of currencies from thirty to two. Most German states joined the Zollverein.

OR

Answer: A major protest occurred in Saigon Native Girls School in 1926. This protest erupted because a Vietnamese girl sitting in one of the front seats was asked to move back and make space for a French student. She was expelled when she refused to obey the order of the Principal. Other students supporting her were also expelled by the principal who was a colon. This led to spread of open protests.

 

Q.2. Why was printing of textbooks sponsored by the Imperial State in China? 

OR

Q.2. Why did Chandu Menon give up the idea of translation of ‘English Novels’ in Malayalam?

Answer: The printing of textbooks were sponsored by the Imperial State in China because China possessed a large bureaucratic system, which recruited their personnel through Civil service examinations. That is why, textbooks were printed in large numbers to provide them study material.

OR

Answer: The readers in Kerala were not familiar with the lifestyle of the characters portrayed in english Novels. Direct translation of english novels into Malayalam was thus making the novels boring because the readers could not relate. Thus, Chandu menon gave up the idea of translating them and wrote a story in Malayalam instead.

 

Q.3. How has Shillong solved the problem of acute shortage of water? 

OR

Q.3. How has Tamil Nadu solved the problem of acute shortage of water ?

Answer: Shillong has been able to deal with the problem of acute shortage of water by setting up Bamboo drip irrigation systems.

OR

Answer: Tamil Nadu has been able to deal with the problem of acute shortage of water by adopting Rooftop water harvesting techniques.

 

Q.4. Why is power sharing desirable? 

Answer: Power-sharing is desirable because it helps to reduce the possibility of struggles between social groups or communities. Since social conflicts lead to violence and political instability, power-sharing is a good way to ensure the establishment of political order. This helps in establishing a harmonious relationship between different power groups.

 

Q.5. What may be a developmental goal of farmers who depend only on rain for growing crops?

OR

Q.5. What may be a developmental goal of urban unemployed youth?

Answer: The developmental goal for a farmer who depends only on rain for irrigating his crops might be to have access to better water harvesting and irrigation techniques.

OR

Answer: The developmental goal for an urban unemployed youth would be to get a decent job suitable to his/her qualifications and skills.

 

Q.6. Give one example each of modem currency and older currency. 

Answer: An example of modem currency is the plastic money that we use in the form of debit and credit cards.

An example of older currency is the bronze coins that were used in earlier times.

 

Q.7. If you want to purchase an electrical valuable good, what logo would you like to see to confirm its quality?

 

Section -B

Q.8. Describe the great economic hardship that prevailed in Europe during the 1930s. 

OR

Q.8. Describe the serious problem faced by the modem part of Hanoi in 1903.

Answer: Great economic hardships were faced by the people of Europe in the 1930s. Some of the difficulties that they faced are:

  • The ratio of the rise of the population was larger than that of employment generation. People from rural areas were migrating to cities in search of employment, which was not as easily available because of overcrowding.
  • Small producers in towns (especially textile-producing industries) were often overthrown by the cheap machines. They faced stiff competition from imports from England.
  • Peasants still suffered under the burden of feudal dues and obligations in some regions of Europe. Rise of food prices and unemployment led to widespread pauperism in the country.

OR

Answer: The French sought to create a modem Vietnam and decided to rebuild Hanoi. The latest ideas about architecture and modem engineering skills were employed to build a new and ‘modem’ city.

(i) However, in 1903, the modem part of Hanoi was struck by bubonic plague.

(ii) The French part had wide avenues and well-planned sewer system, while the native quarter was not provided with any modem facilities. Thus, the refuse from the old city drained straight out into the river or, during heavy rains of floods, overflowed into the streets which become the cause of the plague.

(iii) Large sewers became a breeding ground for rats which began to enter the well-cared-for homes of the French through the sewage pipes, followed by massive rat hunt programme. This deteriorated the conditions. The whole city was under severe influence of this plague.

 

Q.9. How had the printing press created a new culture of reading in Europe? Explain with examples. 

OR

Q.9. How did Charles Dickens depicted the terrible effects of industrialisation on people’s lives and characters? Explain with examples.

Answer: With the introduction of the Printing Press, a new wave of print culture began in Europe. It was defined by accelerated production of books and printed material. The mass production of books lead to decrease in the prices of the books and their circulation increased. The reading culture was not restricted only to the elites but now, even the common people began to have easy access to these books.

Printers also focused on publishing the folk tales and ballads, well illustrated with pictures so that the books could be enjoyed even by a less educated audience of the villages. The books gave an opportunity to more and more people to come in contact with the ideas of philosophers and leading thinkers of the time. Thus, this changed the reading culture of Europe widely.

OR

Answer: Hard times was the tenth novel written by Charles Dickens. It was published in 1854. The process of industrialization and its effect on the labour force was the main theme of this novel. Set in the backdrop of a fictitious industrial city of Coketown, the novel sketches the condition of the then cities that were full of machinery, chimneys and smoke. The labours of the industries were considered to be ‘hands’ of the industries.

The economic pressures of the time had reduced human beings to mere instruments of production. One of his other novels, Oliver Twist also revolves around the same theme of consequences of industrialisation. Thus, Dickens proved that the prevailing idea of Utilitarianism which believed in the “the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people” actually lead to the misery of several other or the happiness of the influential lead to the misery of the labourers.

 

Q.10. Describe any three main features of ‘Alluvial soil’ found in India.

OR

Q.10. Describe any three main features of ‘Black soil’ found in India.

Answer: Major characteristics of Alluvial Soil are:

  • Alluvial soil is considered as one of the most fertile soils. Alluvial soil covers the entire northern plains in India.
  • Alluvial soil contains sand, silt and clay mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra rivers.

According to age, it is classified into Bangar (old alluvial) and Khadar (new alluvial).

  • Alluvial soil contains an ample amount of potash, phosphoric acid and lime. This soil is ideal for the growth of crops like sugarcane, wheat and rice etc.

OR

Answer: Major characteristics of Black soil are:

  • Black soil is fine textured and clayey in nature.
  • Black soil has high amount of lime, iron, magnesium and generally low quantities of ‘Phosphorus, Nitrogen and organic matter.
  • It is formed from weathered lava rocks, thus is black in colour.
  • It has a high clay content and therefore is highly retentive of water. It is extremely fertile in most of the places where it is found.

 

Q.11. “Irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of many regions in India.” Analyse the statement. 

Answer: A well-developed irrigation facility reduces, the dependence of farmers on monsoons and ensures regular supply of water. Irrigation facilities also ensure the installation of tube wells, pumps in the farmlands that enable the farmer to irrigate large portions of land more effectively. They also facilitate the construction of dams that help in generating electricity. Better irrigation has Contributed in the increased production of maize in states like Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh. Water intensive cropping is now done in places like Ganganagar and Hanumangash region of Rajasthan where Indira Gandhi canal has facilitated easier and better irrigation.

 

Q.12. Name any two subjects that are included in the Concurrent List. How are laws made on these subjects? Explain.

OR

Q.12. How is the sharing of power between the Union and the State Governments basic to the structure of the Constitution of India? Explain.

Answer: Concurrent List includes subjects of common interest to both the Union and State government. These subjects are education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession etc.

Both the state and the Union governments can make laws on these subjects. But if the laws made by both the government contradict each other, or a deadlock is created, then the law made by the Union government will prevail.

OR

Answer: Sharing of power between the Union and the State governments is very basic to the structure of the Constitution. The Constitution has distributed the legislative powers between the state government and Union government by dividing the subjects in Union list and State list, on which, these governments can make laws respectively. There is a Concurrent list as well on which, both the governments can make laws.

Also, State governments enjoy their own power in the states like Jammu and Kashmir. Many provisions of the Indian Constitution are not applicable in the states without the approval of the state government. On the other hand, the Union government enjoys its own hold over some of the union territories. This distribution of power is well embedded in the provisions of the constitution and is thus is its basic structure.

 

Q.13. “Every social difference does not lead to social division.” Justify the statement.

Answer: Social differences do not always lead to social division. They sometimes unite very different people and bring them closer by penetrating through their boundaries.

In this connection, we may take the example of the athletes Tommie Smith, Peter Norman and John Carlos who had participated in the 1968 Olympics held in Mexico. Both Smith and Carlos were African-American athletes who tried to gain international attention in the medal ceremony by wearing black gloves and raising clenched fists against racial discrimination. They attended the ceremony bare feet with black socks to represent black poverty. Their demonstration was to symbolise black power. Peter Norman was an Australian but still, he supported his co-athletes and wore a human rights badge during the ceremony. This shows that social difference does not always lead to social divisions.

 

Q.14.  “Women in India still face discrimination in various ways.” Explain with examples.
Answer: Women face disadvantages, discrimination and oppression in various ways:

(i) The literacy rate among women is only 54 per cent as compared to 76 per cent among men. This is because women are deprived of an equal access to education as the males in the society. A very small percentage of girls go for higher education and the drop-out rate is also higher among the girls.

(ii) Proportion of women in highly paid jobs is very small. On an average, an Indian woman works a considerable number of hours more than an Indian man. Yet her wages are less as compared to men.

(iii) The preference to have male child over the female child has led to sex selective abortion. This has lowered sex ratio in India. This is also one of the main evidence of discrimination between the sexes.

(iv) Women are exploited and harassed at the workplace and at home. There are cases of harassment, exploitation in the urban areas as well. They are even subjected to domestic violence at homes. They are not given opportunities to stand up for.

 

Q.15. “Crude oil reserves are limited all over the world. If people continue to extract it at the present rate, the reserves would last only 35 – 40 years more” Explain any three ways to solve this problem. 

Answer: Crude oil is a non- renewable resource of energy. It takes millions of years for the formation of this fuel, because of to which, it must be used judiciously. This type of fuel is being used faster than they are being produced. This causes depletion and scarcity of crude oil. 

Steps which can be taken to conserve this non-renewable source of energy are:

  • Use of public transport like buses and trains instead of self-owned vehicles will help to conserve petroleum. Carpooling will reduce the consumption of this fuel and thus scarcity will be dealt better with.
  • Use of cycles wherever possible instead of using motorbike or car.
  • Waxing floors with beeswax instead of petroleum-based commercial wax can also be beneficial.

 

Q.16. Why is it necessary to increase a large number of banks mainly in rural areas? Explain. 

OR

Q.16. Why are service conditions of formal sector loans better than informal sector? Explain. Answer: It is important to open more banks in rural areas as the formal credit sector is missing. The practice of borrowing from an informal sector that exists in rural areas, for example, local money lenders, has a number of disadvantages.

The informal sector charges high rate of interest. Informal sector makes loans very expensive as there are no external organizations controlling the credit activities of lenders.

Informal sector involves a high degree of risk as there are no proper set of rules for repayment and there is a lot of exploitation of the poor farmers. 

Lenders may exploit the borrowers, they may engage in threats and intimidation to ensure repayment of loans. There is no written agreement between the lender and the borrower. There is no legal recourse in case of informal sources of credit.

OR

Answer: Formal sector: 

  • This sector is mainly supervised by the RBI.
  • It includes banks and cooperatives and thus every clause is in writing and very clear.</li><li>In this, collateral is required.
  • It provides loans comparatively at lower rates.
  • It doesn’t lead to a debt trap.

Informal sector:

  • No external organisation supervises this sector.
  • The lenders are mainly money lenders, friends, relatives, traders and landowners etc.
  • Collateral is not required, thus it involves risk.
  • This sector charges higher interest rates without any rules or regulation.
  • This could lead to a debt trap.

 

Q.17. “How can the Government of India play a major role to make globalization fairer? Explain with examples. 

OR

Q.17. How has globalization affected the life of Indians? Explain with examples.

Answer: Fair globalization would create equal opportunities for all and would ensure that the benefits of globalization are shared better. The government can play a major role in making this possible. The policies of the government must protect the interests of all the people of the country, not only of the rich and powerful. Hence, the government can play a functional role in helping to bridge the gap between the two.

It is necessary for developing countries to have stronger trade and investment rules. They should negotiate at the WTO for fairer rules and regulations.

OR

Answer: Globalization has contributed to the booming of the Indian economy in the following ways:

  • Greater competition among producers resulting from globalisation is a great advantage to consumers as there is greater choice regarding every product before them.
  • Due to globalisation, many MNCs have increased their investments in India, this has not only helped in the inflow of capital but also helped largely in employment generation.
  • Local companies supplying raw materials to the industries that have been set as a result of globalization have prospered by leaps and bounds.
  • Large Indian companies have emerged as multinational companies. This has helped our country to increase bur contacts around the world. Globalisation has helped increase our GDP and per capita income, thus making the living standards better across the globe.

 

Q.18. How are consumers enjoying the ‘right to be informed’ in their daily life? Explain with examples.

 

Section – C

Q.19. How had the ‘First World War created economic problems in India? Explain with examples.

OR

Q.19. How had a variety of cultural processes developed a sense of collective belongingness in India during the 19th century? Explain with examples.

Answer: The economic effects of the First World War were:

  • The First World War led to huge expenditures in defence. These expenditures were to be financed by increasing the taxes and by raising customs duties.
  • During the time of the First World War, crop failure resulted in acute shortage of food.
  • During the war, the food prices increased, they almost doubled between 1913 and 1918. This increased the hardships of the people of India.
  • Villages were called upon to supply soldiers. At some rural places, the colonial government forced people to join the army. It caused widespread resentment and anger amongst the people. It set the stage for the Great Depression.
  • There was spread of influenza epidemic which contributed to the hardships of the people. The war weakened the gold standard.

OR

Answer: Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that they are all part of the same nation and when they discover some unity, it binds them together. This sense of collective belonging unites people of different communities, regions or languages by the experience of many united struggles.

There were also a variety of cultural processes through which nationalism captured people’s imagination. History and fiction, folklore, and songs, popular poems and symbols, all played a vital role in the awakening of the spirit of nationalism. The identity of a nation is often symbolised by a figure or image. It was in the early 19th century, with the growth of nationalism that the identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata. The image was first created by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and in the 1870s he wrote ‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland. Moved by Swadeshi movement, Abanindranath Tagore painted his famous image of Bharat Mata. In this painting, Bharat Mata is portrayed as an ascetic figure, she is calm, composed, divine and spiritual.

Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore. In the late 19th century India, nationalists began recording folk tales sung by bards and they toured villages to gather folk songs and legends.

These tales gave a true picture of traditional culture that had been corrupted and damaged by outside forces. When people would hear these songs, they would be filled with a spirit of belongingness to the country. They felt energised and highly patriotic. It was thus, essential to spread this folk tradition in order to discover citizen’s national identity and restore a sense of pride for their past.

 

Q.20. Describe the role of ‘technology’ in the transformation of the world in the nineteenth century. 

OR

Q.20. Describe the life of workers during the nineteenth century in England.

OR

Q.20. Describe various steps taken to clean up London in the nineteenth century.

Answer: The making of modern Global world was characterized by major discoveries and inventions. Technological inventions helped developing in these ways:

  • Railways, steamships, telegraphs transformed the trade and led to easy transportation of goods and raw materials.
  • Technological advancements stimulated the process of industrialization, which expanded the production of goods and trade.
  • Refrigerated ships made transportation of perishable products, like meat, over long distances easy.
  • There was also the development of the Printing Press that lead to print revolution.
  • Communication was made easy with the invention of telephones, computers and other things like cabels, network towers etc.

OR

Answer: The life of the workers in the 19th century was miserable. They were given lower wages and were made to work for longer hours. This was the reason poverty was more prominent in cities as compared to villages. They had to work in the factories and the working environment was hazardous. They dealt with the machines without proper training and education, which was dangerous.

People from countryside rushed to cities in search of new jobs. Only a few of those, whose friends and relatives were already working into the factory could get jobs. The living conditions were so pathetic that it was expected of such people to die in a workhouse, hospital of lunatic asylum rather than in some decent working areas. Nearly 1 million Londoners (about one-fifth of the population of London at the time_ were very poor and living in un-habitable conditions.

The over-congestion was leading to epidemic diseases in the whole city. There was an urgent need to increase the number of rooms these labourers were living in. There was no proper drinking water available sometimes. The life expectancy of these poor people was nearly 29 Years of age while it was near about 55 years of age for the middle and upper-class people.

OR

Answer: The widespread use of coal in homes and industries in 19th century England raised serious problems. Shopkeepers, home owners and others complained about black fog, grey skies and black vegetation. All these factors caused bad temper, smoke related disorders and dirty clothes.

  • Congestion in the city also led to a desire for clean air. Therefore, attempts were made to decongest the localities, make the open places greener, reduce pollution and make the city more beautiful.
  • Large clocks of apartments were built and methods of control as introduced to ease the impact of an excessive housing shortage.
  • A new garden city of new Earswick was made with common gardens, beautiful views where people would live and work. Architects made efforts to plan a green city with a larger number of green belts and gardens.
  • Between the world wars, a large number of houses—most of them single-family cottages were built for the working class.

A million new houses were built and people were encouraged to live in them.

 

Q.21. Name the two most important cereal crops grown in India. Describe the conditions required to grow these two crops. 

Answer: Rice and wheat are the two most important cereal crops grown in India.

Rice is the staple food crop of most people in India, especially in coastal regions.

The geographical condition required for the growth of rice are as follows:

  • It is a Kharif crop and requires a hot and humid climate for cultivation. Temperature above 25°C and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm are favourable for growth or rice.
  • Rich alluvial soils of the floodplains, river basins and deltaic areas which are renewed every year are ideal for rice cultivation.
  • Rice requires abundant rainfall or good water supply through irrigation and flooded fields during the earlier part of its growing season in June-July. Ankle deep water in the field helps the crops.
  • Plenty of cheap labour is required as most of farming involves manual labour.

Wheat is the main food crop for the people residing in the North and North-western part of the country.

The geographical conditions favourable for the growth of wheat are as follows:

  • Wheat is a rabi crop and requires a cool growing season. The average temperature should be between 10°C to 5°C at the time of sowing, but higher temperatures and bright sunshine is required at the time of harvesting for proper ripening of arraigns.
  • Wheat requires moderate rainfall of 50 to 75 cm annually, evenly distributed over the growing season. A little winter rain before ripening helps in increasing the yield.
  • Deep alluvial clayey soils of Northern Plains and even black soil of Deccan are suitable for the growth of wheat.

There are two important wheat-growing zones in the country-the Ganga-Satluj plains in the North-west and black soil region of the Deccan. Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan and parts of Madhya Pradesh are the major wheat-growing states.

 

Q.22. How can the industrial pollution of fresh water be reduced? Explain various ways. 

Answer: Main causes of water pollution is due to the wastes discharged from factories, refineries into the water bodies. These wastes contain harmful chemicals such as alkalis, acids etc. and toxic metals like mercury, lead, arsenic etc. which kill the aquatic life.

The following steps can be taken to reduce the industrial pollution:

  • Restructuring the manufacturing processes to reduce or eliminate pollutants, like, lead, zinc, arsenic through a process called Pollution Prevention. Chimneys for treating of gaseous waste are also important.
  • It is necessary to encourage industries to promote “green” methods of production and products. It includes environment-friendly operating processes.
  • It is advisable to create cooling ponds which are man made and designed to cool the heated waters of industries by evaporation, condensation and radiation.
  • It is very important to attach water treatment plant to the industry for filtration of the sewage before it enters the water bodies. Sewage treatment plants are important for treatment of polluted water.

 

Q.23. “Democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities.” Justify the statement. 

OR

Q.23. “Democracy is a better form of government than any other form of government.” Justify the statement.

Answer: In most of the democracies, a small number of ultra-rich group of people enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and income. The share of rich class is increasing, whereas those who are at the bottom of the society, have very little to depend upon.

Even in India, the poor constitute a large proportion of the voters and no party will like to lose their votes. Yet, democratically elected government does not appear to be keen on addressing the question of poverty as is expected of them. The situation is much worse in some other countries, like in Bangladesh more than half of its population live in poverty. People in several poor countries are now dependent on the rich countries even for basic food supplies.

Democracies are based on political equality. All citizens have equal rights in electing representatives, but this is not so in the economic field. Economic equality comes by the equitable distribution of wealth, but this is not true in democracy. The poor are becoming poorer, and sometimes they find it difficult to even meet the basic needs of life like food, shelter, health and education. There can be many factors that are prevailing in a country that make it incapable to bring about equitable distribution of wealth.

Large population: Rise in population leads to rise in family size. But, because the family income is less the people have to adjust and manage with meagre pay.

Unemployment: Because of the population explosion, the number of job opportunities are very less compared to the people. A ‘ large number of still educated people are without jobs.

Vicious circle of poverty: Poor people still have to be dependent on money-lenders to fulfill their basic needs as their income doesn’t substitute their needs.

Low literacy rate: Education is still considered to be a dream for many.

All of these factors make it difficult for a democratic government to function and work efficiently.

OR

Answer: Democracy is better than other forms of government because:

  • People are their own masters. In a democracy, every individual has a right to vote and choose his representatives in the government. Thus, it is more representative and popular.
  • The government is of the people and the laws are made by the people (or the chosen representatives) in the government. Laws are made to protect the liberty and freedom of the people. Thus, the laws are popular opinion of the citizens on the whole.
  • In a democracy, no particular religion, region, race or language is given special preference.

All individuals are given equal rights and freedom, and there is no discrimination.

  • The government is not by force. The opposition parties are allowed to criticise the government. Hence, there is a system of checks and balances in the form of democratic government.
  • Since every individual is given equal rights, there is less danger of conflicts in society. There are less conflicts based on caste, religion or region and less social tensions in society. Equitable distribution of opportunities is encouraged.

 

Q.24. Explain any five needs to have political parties in a democratic country. 

Answer: Political party is an organised group of people having a common ideology and its aim is to contest elections and some to power.

Political Parties are very important because:

  • Parties frame their own policies in the form of manifestos which includes their vision on the basis of which they would establish governance in the country.
  • Existence of political parties in a representative democracy ensures that the country runs as per its policies and ideologies and has a responsible accountable government which is answerable to the people.
  • Parties give representation to diverse interests in society, they give recognition to minorities, thus ensuring an all round development of the country.
  • Parties help in forming and shaping public opinion. This educates the people politically and helps them by spreading awareness regarding their rights and duties.
  • Political parties form links between the government administrators of the country and the common people. Their needs and aspirations are conveyed to them through these parties only.

 

Q.25. Explain any five differences between the public and private sectors.

Answer: 

S.No. Private Sector  Public Sector
1. Ownership of assets and delivery of services is in the hands of private individuals or companies. The govt owns most of the assets and provides all services.
2. Their main motive is to earn a profit. Their main motive is public welfare rather than to earn a profit.
3. The decision regarding production and distribution are taken by managers or owners of the company. The decision regarding production and distribution are taken by the government.
4. Due to the movie of earning a profit, it does not invest funds to construct infrastructures for public utility/facility. Due to motives of public welfare, it invests fund to construct infrastructures for public utility/ facility, like the construction of road, bridges, etc
5. Examples: Tata iron and steel company Ltd. (TISCO), Reliance industries Ltd., Etc. Examples: Railways, post office, police station, etc.

 

 

Q.26. (A) Two features ‘a’ and ‘b’ are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them: 

(a) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held.

(b) The place where Gandhiji violated the salt law. 

(B) Locate and label any three of the following with appropriate symbols on the same given outline political map of India:

(i) Bokaro – Iron and Steel Plant

(ii) Gandhinagar – Software Technology Park

(iii) Tarapur – Nuclear Power Plant

(iv) Salal – Dam

(v) Tuticorin – Seaport

Answer :

English 10th Previous Year Question Paper 2019 SET-III (CBSE)

English

SECTION – A

(READING)

Q.1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

(1) Keep your watch accurate. For some people, moving up the time on their watch will help them get up earlier. For others, they will remember that the time on the watch is wrong and will disregard it altogether. It may be helpful to set your watch just two minutes ahead instead of five or ten.

(2) Keep a clock, phone, computer or anything that displays time in each room of your house. One of the easiest ways to run late is simply by not realising that the time is passing as quickly as it is.

(3) Set all your clocks and watches to the same time. Don’t be an optimist. Things usually take longer than what you’d expect, even without major delays. If you have a dinner appointment at 7:30 p.m., don’t think you can work till 7 p.m., then take a bath, dress and reach on time. Realistically, calculate the time you will take at each step and then add 10 minutes more to allow for unexpected delays, or you cannot get to your job in time.

(4) Wake up when you are supposed to wake up. Don’t hit the snooze button, keep on lying in bed, and watch TV at the very start of your day. Maybe try even setting your clock 10 minutes earlier than you need. If you have difficulty with this, move your alarm clock to somewhere away from your bed; that way, you have to get up to turn it off. Commit yourself to being 15 minutes early for everything. If you have to reach your place of work at 8:00, don’t even tell yourself this. Just tell yourself (and everyone else who listens- but don’t annoy them or make them think that they are late or early!) “I have to be at work at 7.45”. If you do this, you will be on time even with little unforeseen delays. You will be on time even with a traffic jam.

 

Q.1.1. Complete the following statements using words/phrases from the passage. Attempt any eight.

(a) Some people believe that if ….. it will help them be earlier.

(b) Many others know ….. they disregard it altogether.

(c) Keep …… in each room.

(d) One of the things that can be done is …… of five or ten minutes.

(e) Many a time we do not realise that ……

(f) Instead of pressing the snooze button ……

(g) If you have difficulty in getting up …….

(h) It is a good habit to ……. somewhere away from your bed.

(i) It is good to commit yourself …… for everything.

Answer: (a) they move up the time on their watch,

(b) that the time on the watch is wrong so

(c) a clock, phone, computer or anything that displays time

(d) to set watch just two minutes ahead instead

(e) the time is passing as quickly as it is

(f) wake up when you are supposed to wake up

(g) early then try to set your clock ten minutes earlier.

(h) move your alarm clock to

(i) to being 15 minutes earlier

 

Q.2. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow : 

1. Music is perhaps the most popular and widely practised form of Fine Arts, transcending all kinds of cultural and linguistic barriers. Any form of fine art is difficult to master and almost impossible to perfect and music is no exception.

2. Nature, it is learnt, has blessed almost two- thirds of the human race with musical ability of some sort. Music has the power to bring out the deepest emotions. It can make one cry or bring a smile on one’s face. In fact it is a magic medicine and many seek refuge in it when they are depressed or stressed. It is this intimacy that makes us listen to music or even hum or sing sometimes. This singing, or realistically speaking, expressing one’s emotion musically sometimes takes a serious turn. This desire to show musical expression in public then becomes a serious business profession. And from here the musical journey begins.

3. This desire to sing before an audience is innocent and beautiful and indeed it is perfectly alright to have such a genuine desire. But it is also important to understand that, singing is an intricate art — a highly refined one at that, which requires systematic, prolonged and strict training, to be acceptable. This is an aspect we forget in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform. It is almost like preparing a formal meal for some specially invited guests, without even having learnt and trained in the basics of cooking. This is why we have more noise and less music nowadays.

4. These days almost everyone sings and it does not stop here. Most of us want to become professional singers, Result : a complete disregard for and ignorance of the

training part, as the need is never felt to go through one and the urge to get to the stage and perform overcomes even a little desire to learn, if any. If at all, somewhere along the way one feels the need to gain some knowledge and training, it leads to hurried shortcuts and half-hearted attempts, best described as ‘Crash Courses’.

5. It is observed that those who have attained the so called partial success, suddenly feel that they lack the required knowledge and are not learned enough. But it is too late by then. It should be understood here that the stage or a performance brings in a different mindset within the artist. It is always recommended and rightly said, that while on stage, cover the mistakes and weaknesses if any, and get along. But the contrary is true when it comes to acquiring knowledge and during the learning process. While under training, the student is expected to make mistakes but then rectify those mistakes under the supervision and guidance of the teacher. Therefore, it is good to make mistakes and be corrected during the process of learning as this subsequently makes one flawless and educated. This is a different mindset. And these two mindsets discussed above, (those of a performer and that of a student) cannot co-exist.

 

Q.2.1. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any four of the following questions in 30 – 40 words each :

(a) The desire to sing in public overcomes the need to train. Elaborate.

(b) How can we say that music is a magic medicine ?

(c) What is best described as ‘Crash Courses’ ?

(d) What should be the mindset of a student of music ?

(e) Why is singing a refined and intricate art ?

Answer: (a) The desire to sing in public is innocent and beautiful and indeed it is perfectly alright to have such a genuine desire. Most of us want to become professional singers with complete disregard for and ignorance of the training part. This is an aspect that we forget in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform which in turn, overcomes the desire to learn.

(b) Music has the power to bring out the deepest emotions. It is a magic medicine as it can make one cry or bring a smile on one’s face and many seek refuge in it when they are depressed or stressed.

(c) If one feels the need to gain some knowledge and training to become a professional singer, it leads to hurried shortcuts and half-hearted attempts, best described as ‘Crash Courses’.

(d) While under training, the student is expected to make mistakes but then rectify those mistakes under the supervision and guidance of the teacher. Therefore, it is good to make mistakes and then correct them during the process of learning as this subsequently makes one flawless and educated. This should be the mindset of the student of music.

(e) Singing is a refined and intricate art because it requires systematic, prolonged and strict training to be acceptable. We forget this aspect in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform. It is like preparing a formal meal for some specially invited guests without even having learnt and trained in the basics of cooking. That is why we have more noise and less music nowadays.

 

Q.2.2. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any four of the following:

(a) Almost of human population is blessed with musical ability of some sort.

(i) two-thirds

(ii) one-third

(iii) half

(iv) one-fifth

(b) Any form of is difficult to master.

(i) visual art

(ii) audio-visual art

(iii) fine arts

(iv) design art

(c) ‘Transcending’ in para 1 means.

(i) drown under

(ii) rise above

(iii) surrender

(iv) fail

(d) ‘Refuge’ in para 2 means.

(i) shelter from rain

(ii) shelter from storm

(iii) shelter from unhappiness

(iv) shelter from sun

(e) ‘Partial’ in para 5 means.

(i) unfair

(ii) incomplete

(iii) whole

(iv) total

Answer:

(a) (i) two-third

(b) (iii) fine arts

(c) (ii) rise above

(d) (iii) shelter from unhappiness

(e) (ii) incomplete

 

Section- B

(WRITING AND GRAMMAR) 

Q.3. Promila/Praveen chopra reads the following news report in a newspaper and feels deeply troubled. She/He writes a letter to the Editor. The Times of Delhi’, New Delhi voicing her/his concern for ill * effect of synthetic milk on the health of unsuspecting consumers and suggesting ways to deal with the offenders. Imagine yourself as Promila/Praveen Chopra. 12/15, Kunj Vihar, Alapur and write the letter for her/him in 100 -120 words. 

Alapur : August 24. The sale of synthetic milk continues unabated in the district despite ongoing efforts by the authorities concerned. Out of 20 samples of milk taken recently, reports of 19 which were received from Lakenagar Test Laboratory indicated adulteration with urea and other chemicals.

OR

Q.3. You are very impressed by the idea of ’Each one, Teach one and you want to participate in the campaign actively. Write an article in 100 -120 words to be published in your school magazine on the topic, “The Role of Students in Achieving 100% Literacy.” You are Mohan/Mohini.

Answer:

12/15, Kunj Vihar Alapur

25th August, 20XX

The Editor

The Times of Delhi

New Delhi

Sub: III effects of synthetic milk on health and suggestions to deal with it.

Sir,

       This is with reference to a news report which I read yesterday, regarding the adulteration of milk with urea and other chemicals. It has greatly disturbed me as we have been hearing the increased cases of unique diseases daily which were never heard of earlier. They are the consequence of adulterated food products. Synthetic milk which contains the amount of urea, caustic soda, detergents and cheap cooking oils, increases the risk of heart problems. It is also harmful for pregnant ladies. Moreover, synthetic milk possesses cancerous properties and many people have been affected by it till date. Children are the biggest sufferers as their immune system is weak at a young age. The sodium that enters the body through the synthetic milk acts as a slow poison.

During the festival seasons, the increased cases of adulterated milk have come into light as the demand for milk increases to prepare sweets and other delicacies. Therefore, I suggest that the Health Department should keep a strict vigilance on these unscrupulous milk dealers and police should raid the milk factories from time to time. Food Safety and Standards Act prescribes a maximum of six months in prison for the offence and this should be taken into practice for sure. The Supreme Court has also advised the states to make the adulteration of milk a punishable offence. Thus, if these steps are followed strictly, I think the cases of milk adulteration will definitely reduce.

Thanking You

Yours Faithfully

Promila/Praveen Chopra

OR

Answer:

THE ROLE OF THE STUDENTS IN

ACHIEVING 100% LITERACY

By Mohan/Mohini

Youth plays a vital role in the development of any country and one cannot deny their importance in the upliftment of a nation. India is a land of villages and most of its population is illiterate. In many villages, there are no schools or teaching facilities. Thus, villagers don’t get any opportunity to learn. Poverty and ignorance have deprived them from becoming literate. They don’t even know how to write their name or recognize the alphabets. The villagers are bound by the superstitions and it is necessary to remove these beliefs from their minds. Therefore, it becomes the duty of the youth to render their services to them by teaching them. They can give their valuable advice and guidance to educate ’ them. The government has also started a campaign ‘Each one, Teach One’ to facilitate the learning programme for the illiterates. So anyone who wants to participate in this campaign can get their names enrolled. I think it is a very good initiative by the government. The students are the only ones who can change the mindset of the illiterates and transform them. They can easily teach them using innovative techniques which would help them in many things such as their farming process. The students could make groups among themselves and start teaching the illiterate people in their respective areas. With the increase in the population, the responsibilities of students have also increased. Their role in teaching people is now full of challenges and they can possibly achieve 100% literacy in the country by making revolutionary changes.

 

Q.4. Complete the story in 200 – 250 words, which begins as the following, providing an appropriate title also. 

It was raining heavily, the street light had gone off and I was alone, coming back from my tuition class. It was 8 p.m. and very cold. Suddenly I

OR

Q.4. One day I was sleeping in my room. Suddenly I had difficulty in breathing. Upon waking up I found smoke coming into my room. I got up and opened my window.

Peeping out I saw

Answer:

A FEARFUL INCIDENT

It was raining heavily, the street lights had gone off and I was alone, coming back from my tuition class. It was 8 p.m. and very cold. Suddenly, I heard some footsteps behind me. I stopped and looked behind but saw no one. I started walking again and then, I heard the footsteps again. This time it scared me. The road was lonely and in that rainy night, I could hardly see a person or two on the sideways. I neither had an umbrella nor a raincoat as I couldn’t think of the possibility of rain that day. I imagined who it could be? a watchman returning home after his duty or a criminal following me for some purpose? Mere thought of the latter aroused my goosebumps. I dared not to see back and instead increased my walking speed. But what! The footsteps behind me were also heard walking rapidly. I prayed silently to God to help me. In my fear, I followed the wrong path. I thought of screaming for help but now no one was there. The whole road was deserted because the road which I had taken went towards the isolated industrial area and the workers might have gone to their houses by then. I started running fast and the footsteps behind me also started running fast. I was almost on the verge of fainting when the voice from behind held my breath. I mustered up the courage and turned back. I saw a tall man, wearing a long raincoat and a hat, moving towards me. In a stem voice he asked me stop and I stopped! When he came closer to me, I saw his face. He was a policeman who was doing his night duty. He asked me the reason for running as he suspected me to be a criminal. I explained him that I was returning back home from tuition and showed him my tuition register and books as proof. When he was satisfied with the answer, he escorted me to the house and went away.

OR

Answer:

A FIERY EXPERIENCE

One day I was sleeping in my room. Suddenly I had difficulty breathing. On waking up I found smoke coming into my room. I got up and opened my window. Peeping out, I saw a big fire which broke out in the busy commercial complex in front of my house. Without wasting a second, I rang up the fire brigade and informed the police too. The security guard was shouting at the top of his voice. Everyone came out of their houses. The fire started spreading fast and the worst thing that happened was the wind which started blowing at the same moment. It made the fire more tyrannous. Many people got trapped in the fire. I joined the others in the rescue work. Soon the police and firemen arrived and began doing their job. The police quickly evacuated the area and the firemen got engaged in fighting the fire. It nearly took one and a half hours to extinguish the fire. It was actually very difficult to evacuate the people trapped in the leaping flames. Fortunately, there was no harm to any life although goods worth lakhs were destroyed and turned into ashes. Later on, it was discovered that the fire broke out due to short circuit that had sparked off the fire in one of the shops in the complex. If there was no quick action taken by the firemen, policemen and security guards, anything hazardous could have happened.

That day, I understood the true value of our helpers and how they carry out their duties. Everyone’s job is equally important and we should never underestimate any work as no work is small. I salute these brave people who render their services to help others by putting their own lives at risk.

Moral – Always value the services rendered to us by the helpers’

 

Q.5. Fill in the blanks in the paragraph given below by choosing the most appropriate options from the ones that follow. Attempt any four. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank numbers.

Belgium is considered to __(a)__ a country __(b)__ chocolates. It is a big business __(c)__ employs nearly 72,000 people. Most Belgium chocolate makers __(d)__ their craft at vocational schools. They set up __(e)__ own business.

(a) (i) been

(ii) be

(iii) as

(iv) for

(b) (i) of

(ii) for

(iii) from

(iv) to

(c) (i) also

(ii) or

(iii) but

(iv) and

(d) (i) are learning

(ii) have learnt

(iii) will learn

(iv) learn

(e) (i) that

(ii) those

(iii) their

(iv) our

Answer: (a) (i) been

(ii) be

(iii) as

(iv) for

(b) (i) of

(ii) for

(iii) from

(iv) to

(c) (i) also

(ii) or

(iii) but

(iv) and

(d) (i) are learning

(ii) have learnt

(iii) will learn

(iv) learn

(e) (i) that

(ii) those

(iii) their

(iv) our

Answer: (a) (ii) be

(b) (i) of

(c) (iv) and

(d) (iv) learn

(e) (iii) their

 

Q.6. The following paragraph has not been edited. There is one error in each line. Identify the error and write down its correction against the correct blank number. The first one has been done for you. Attempt any four. 

Answer:

 

Q.7. Rearrange any four or the following groups of words/phrases to make meaningful sentences: 

(a) are / a storehouse / Indian / Indian art / of / temples

(b) these / the architecture / artistic masterpiece / of / temples / is an

(c) is situated / north-eastern / Konark temple / side / on the / of Puri

(d) chariot / from / temple is / the / the / a /in

(e) its sculptures / famous / is / for / temple / the

Answer: (a) Indian temples are a storehouse of Indian art.

(b) The architecture of these temples is an artistic masterpiece.

(c) Konark Temple is situated on the north-eastern side of Puri.

(d) The temple is in the form of a chariot.

(e) The temple is famous for its sculptures.

 

SECTION – C

(LITERATURE) 

Q.8. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow: 

The baker usually collected his bills at the end of the month. Monthly accounts used to be recorded on some wall in pencil. Baking was indeed a profitable profession in the old days. The baker and his family never starved. He, his family and his servant always looked happy and prosperous. Their plump physique was an open testimony to this. Even today any person with a jackfruit like physical appearance is easily compared to a baker.

(a) Where did the baker record his accounts?

(b) Why did the baker and his family never starve ?

(c) Which word in the extract is a synonym of ’rich’ ?

(d) How can a baker be identified in Goa ?

OR

Q.8. Now the name of the little black kitten was Ink.

And the little gray mouse, she called him Blink.

And the little yellow dog was sharp as Mustard,

But the dragon was a coward, and she called him Custard.

(a) Name the poem and its poet.

(b) What is the colour of Belinda’s dog ?

(c) What were the kitten and the mouse called ?

(d) Which word in the stanza is the antonym of ‘dull’ ?

Answer:(a) The baker recorded his accounts on some wall in pencil.

(b) The baker and his family never starved because baking was a profitable profession in the old days.

(c) The synonym of the word ‘rich is prosperous.

(d) A baker can be identified in Goa if he has a jackfruit- like physical appearance.

OR

Answer: (a) The name of the poem is ‘The Tale of Custard the Dragon’ and the poet Ogden Nash.

(b) The color of the Belinda’s dog is yellow.

(c) The kitten was called ‘Ink’ and the mouse was called ‘Blink’.

(d) Antonym of the word ‘dull’ is sharp.

 

Q.9. Answer any four of the following questions in 30-40 words each. 

(a) Why did Leancho write a letter to God ?

(b) How did Chubukov react when lomov asked for the hand of his daughter in marriage ?

(c) Where in the classroom does Wanda sit and why ?

(d) How did Ebright’s mother helps him to becoming a scientist ?

(e) Why does Anil not hand Hari Singh over to the police ?

Answer: (a) Lencho’s crops were destroyed by a hailstorm. He had put all his money in farming and therefore, he was left with no money now. But he had strong faith in God that God would definitely solve his problem. So, he wrote a letter to God asking for 100 pesos so that he and his family wouldn’t starve.

(b) Chubukov was extremely cheerful and excited when Lomov asked for the hand of his daughter in marriage. He embraced and kissed Lomov on his forehead and shed tears of joy. He exclaimed with happiness that it was his heartfelt desire. He was of the opinion that Lomov would turn out to be the perfect match for his daughter, so he showered his blessings upon Lomov after hearing this.

(c) Wanda sits in the seat next to the last seat in the last row in Room 13. She belongs to a poor family. Her feet are usually caked with dry mud and the comer of the classroom in which she sits is also very dirty. In order to avoid the embarrassment and being laughed at by her classmates, Wanda sits there to hide herself.

(d) Ebright’s mother motivated him to leam. She was his only childhood friend and a companion. She used to take him on trips, buy scientific equipment like microscopes, telescopes, cameras, etc. and help him in many ways. She introduced him to Dr. Fredrick A. Urquhart of the University of Toronto, Canada. She found many interesting things for him to learn.

(e) Anil does not hand Hari Singh over to the police because he realizes that beyond his identity as a thief, Hari Singh is a good person and has learnt a lesson. Anil understands that Hari Singh has changed now otherwise he wouldn’t have put the stolen money back in its place. Anil has a humble nature so he wants to give Hari Singh a chance and forgives him for stealing money.

 

Q.10. Answer the following questions in 100-120 words:

Mme Forestier proved to be a hue friend of the Loisels. Elaborate.

OR

Q.10. Why did Gotami go to the Buddha ? What lesson did he teach her ?

Answer : Mme Forestier proved to be a true friend of Loisels. Mme Forestier played a crucial role in the story. She helped Mathilde when Mathilde needed her genuinely. Mathilde was blessed with a beautiful physique but she lacked the lavish lifestyle she yearned for. Therefore, she was discontented with her life. Although Mme Forestier treated her kindly, Mathilde was jealous of Mme Forestier because of her wealth. Once, Mathilde had to attend a fancy party so she borrowed a diamond necklace from Mme Forestier. Forestier was immediately ready to lend Mathilde the necklace. In fact, she displayed the entire array of her jewels in front of her and asked her to choose from them. She didn’t show any urgency to get back the necklace and when Mathilde returned the necklace, Mme Forestier didn’t even inspect it. It shows her honest nature. She also felt bad when Mathilde suffered unnecessarily to pay for a replacement necklace. Thus, she proved to be her genuine friend.

OR

Answer: Kisa Gotami was a young woman who belonged to a wealthy family. She was married to a merchant. When her one-year old child fell ill and died, she was grief- stricken and couldn’t bear his death. She took her dead child in her arms and went door to door begging everyone to tell the way to get her child back to life. Nobody helped her and instead thought her to be crazy but she didn’t give up. Then she came across a Buddhist who suggested her to meet Buddha as only he could help him. That’s why Gotami went to Buddha. Buddha taught her the lesson of life and truth. When she told Buddha the whole story, he listened to it with patience and asked her to collect mustard seeds from a house where no one had ever died. She went from house to house but she couldn’t find a single house where no one had ever died. Ultimately, she understood what Buddha had been trying to explain her that suffering is inevitable and in this way, she realized that death is the ultimate truth and one has to meet his destined end one day, no one can avoid it. So, she took her child away and became the Buddha’s follower.

 

Q.11. Answer the following question in 200 – 250 words : 

Justify the title, “The Diary of A Young Girl’.

                              OR

Write a character sketch of Anne Frank.

                             OR

What type of relationship did Miss Anne Sullivan and Helen Share ?

                             OR

Write a character sketch of Alexander Graham Bell.

 

English 10th Previous Year Question Paper 2019 SET-II (CBSE)

English

SECTION – A

(READING)

Q.1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

(1) Keep your watch accurate. For some people, moving up the time on their watch will help them get up earlier. For others, they will remember that the time on the watch is wrong and will disregard it altogether. It may be helpful to set your watch just two minutes ahead instead of five or ten.

(2) Keep a clock, phone, computer or anything that displays time in each room of your house. One of the easiest ways to run late is simply by not realising that the time is passing as quickly as it is.

(3) Set all your clocks and watches to the same time. Don’t be an optimist. Things usually take longer than what you’d expect, even without major delays. If you have a dinner appointment at 7:30 p.m., don’t think you can work till 7 p.m., then take a bath, dress and reach on time. Realistically, calculate the time you will take at each step and then add 10 minutes more to allow for unexpected delays, or you cannot get to your job in time.

(4) Wake up when you are supposed to wake up. Don’t hit the snooze button, keep on lying in bed, and watch TV at the very start of your day. Maybe try even setting your clock 10 minutes earlier than you need. If you have difficulty with this, move your alarm clock to somewhere away from your bed; that way, you have to get up to turn it off. Commit yourself to being 15 minutes early for everything. If you have to reach your place of work at 8:00, don’t even tell yourself this. Just tell yourself (and everyone else who listens- but don’t annoy them or make them think that they are late or early!) “I have to be at work at 7.45”. If you do this, you will be on time even with little unforeseen delays. You will be on time even with a traffic jam.

 

Q.1.1. Complete the following statements using words/phrases from the passage. Attempt any eight.

(a) Some people believe that if ….. it will help them be earlier.

(b) Many others know ….. they disregard it altogether.

(c) Keep …… in each room.

(d) One of the things that can be done is …… of five or ten minutes.

(e) Many a time we do not realise that ……

(f) Instead of pressing the snooze button ……

(g) If you have difficulty in getting up …….

(h) It is a good habit to ……. somewhere away from your bed.

(i) It is good to commit yourself …… for everything.

Answer: (a) they move up the time on their watch,

(b) that the time on the watch is wrong so

(c) a clock, phone, computer or anything that displays time

(d) to set watch just two minutes ahead instead

(e) the time is passing as quickly as it is

(f) wake up when you are supposed to wake up

(g) early then try to set your clock ten minutes earlier.

(h) move your alarm clock to

(i) to being 15 minutes earlier

 

Q.2. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow : 

1. Music is perhaps the most popular and widely practised form of Fine Arts, transcending all kinds of cultural and linguistic barriers. Any form of fine art is difficult to master and almost impossible to perfect and music is no exception.

2. Nature, it is learnt, has blessed almost two- thirds of the human race with musical ability of some sort. Music has the power to bring out the deepest emotions. It can make one cry or bring a smile on one’s face. In fact it is a magic medicine and many seek refuge in it when they are depressed or stressed. It is this intimacy that makes us listen to music or even hum or sing sometimes. This singing, or realistically speaking, expressing one’s emotion musically sometimes takes a serious turn. This desire to show musical expression in public then becomes a serious business profession. And from here the musical journey begins.

3. This desire to sing before an audience is innocent and beautiful and indeed it is perfectly alright to have such a genuine desire. But it is also important to understand that, singing is an intricate art — a highly refined one at that, which requires systematic, prolonged and strict training, to be acceptable. This is an aspect we forget in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform. It is almost like preparing a formal meal for some specially invited guests, without even having learnt and trained in the basics of cooking. This is why we have more noise and less music nowadays.

4. These days almost everyone sings and it does not stop here. Most of us want to become professional singers, Result : a complete disregard for and ignorance of the

training part, as the need is never felt to go through one and the urge to get to the stage and perform overcomes even a little desire to learn, if any. If at all, somewhere along the way one feels the need to gain some knowledge and training, it leads to hurried shortcuts and half-hearted attempts, best described as ‘Crash Courses’.

5. It is observed that those who have attained the so called partial success, suddenly feel that they lack the required knowledge and are not learned enough. But it is too late by then. It should be understood here that the stage or a performance brings in a different mindset within the artist. It is always recommended and rightly said, that while on stage, cover the mistakes and weaknesses if any, and get along. But the contrary is true when it comes to acquiring knowledge and during the learning process. While under training, the student is expected to make mistakes but then rectify those mistakes under the supervision and guidance of the teacher. Therefore, it is good to make mistakes and be corrected during the process of learning as this subsequently makes one flawless and educated. This is a different mindset. And these two mindsets discussed above, (those of a performer and that of a student) cannot co-exist.

 

Q.2.1. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any four of the following questions in 30 – 40 words each :

(a) The desire to sing in public overcomes the need to train. Elaborate.

(b) How can we say that music is a magic medicine ?

(c) What is best described as ‘Crash Courses’ ?

(d) What should be the mindset of a student of music ?

(e) Why is singing a refined and intricate art ?

Answer: (a) The desire to sing in public is innocent and beautiful and indeed it is perfectly alright to have such a genuine desire. Most of us want to become professional singers with complete disregard for and ignorance of the training part. This is an aspect that we forget in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform which in turn, overcomes the desire to learn.

(b) Music has the power to bring out the deepest emotions. It is a magic medicine as it can make one cry or bring a smile on one’s face and many seek refuge in it when they are depressed or stressed.

(c) If one feels the need to gain some knowledge and training to become a professional singer, it leads to hurried shortcuts and half-hearted attempts, best described as ‘Crash Courses’.

(d) While under training, the student is expected to make mistakes but then rectify those mistakes under the supervision and guidance of the teacher. Therefore, it is good to make mistakes and then correct them during the process of learning as this subsequently makes one flawless and educated. This should be the mindset of the student of music.

(e) Singing is a refined and intricate art because it requires systematic, prolonged and strict training to be acceptable. We forget this aspect in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform. It is like preparing a formal meal for some specially invited guests without even having learnt and trained in the basics of cooking. That is why we have more noise and less music nowadays.

 

Q.2.2. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any four of the following:

(a) Almost of human population is blessed with musical ability of some sort.

(i) two-thirds

(ii) one-third

(iii) half

(iv) one-fifth

(b) Any form of is difficult to master.

(i) visual art

(ii) audio-visual art

(iii) fine arts

(iv) design art

(c) ‘Transcending’ in para 1 means.

(i) drown under

(ii) rise above

(iii) surrender

(iv) fail

(d) ‘Refuge’ in para 2 means.

(i) shelter from rain

(ii) shelter from storm

(iii) shelter from unhappiness

(iv) shelter from sun

(e) ‘Partial’ in para 5 means.

(i) unfair

(ii) incomplete

(iii) whole

(iv) total

Answer:

(a) (i) two-third

(b) (iii) fine arts

(c) (ii) rise above

(d) (iii) shelter from unhappiness

(e) (ii) incomplete

 

Section- B

(WRITING AND GRAMMAR) 

Q.3. You are Hema/Hemant, 14/9 Hill Apartment, Jaipur. You are not satisfied with the facilities for tourists in Jaipur. Write a letter in 100 – 120 words to the editor of a local daily giving suggestions on ways to improve the facilities for tourists. 

OR

Q.3. You came across an advertisement advising motorists not to play loud music while driving as it may distract them. Write an article in 100 – 120 words for a local newspaper advising people to refrain from playing loud music while driving near hospitals, schools, etc. You are Tarun/ Tanvi.

Answer:

14/9, Hill Apartments

Jaipur

15th May, 20XX

The Editor Patrika Times Jaipur

Sub : Suggestions on ways to improve the facilities for tourists

Sir,

        Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I would like to highlight the issues of dissatisfactory tourists’ facilities in Jaipur and wish to give my suggestions in this regard.

It is a world known fact that Rajasthan is one of the best tourists’ destinations in India and its capital Jaipur fascinates all foreigners immensely. But there are certain areas which need a lot of improvement. First and the foremost suggestion is related to the signboards places. As we know that foreigners don’t understand the local dialect the signboards and the direction boards should be both in Hindi and English. Another suggestion is regarding the cleanliness near the temples. Jaipur is popularly known as ‘Choti Kashi’ and the famous Govind Dev Ji temple is visited by almost each and every tourist here. But there is a lot of chaos around the temple area. The hawkers, peddlars and fruit sellers have made the area congested and filthy. The queue system is also out of place and it portrays a negative picture of the city. Thus, management should take certain steps in this regard. Then comes the question of forts. The magnificently built forts should be senior citizen friendly and there should be provision of lifts and wheelchairs for handicaps. My last suggestion is about the conditions of buses which is pathetic. Improved bus services would attract more tourists.

I hope my suggestions will find place in your newspaper and can be incorporated so that the tourism sector can be improved. Thanking You Yours Faithfully Hemant/Hema.

OR

Answer:

AVOID PLAYING LOUD MUSIC WHILE DRIVING

By Tarun/Tanvi

While reading the newspaper, I came across an advertisement advising motorists not to play loud music while driving. This advertisement caught my attention and I felt that the need of the hour is to spread awareness amongst the people against it. Nowadays, listening to loud music while driving has become fashionable among people, especially youngsters, but they don’t know the harmful consequences of it. For their own entertainment, these people turn deaf ear to others’ problems. It not only affects the public and residents of the colony but the patients and children too. Loud music has become a constant source of nuisance. When loud music is being played near hospitals, patients lose their peaceful sleep and they become restless. The high volume of the music has disrupted everyone’s tranquility. Students fail to concentrate upon their studies and during examinations, they face great difficulty due to it. Moreover, there are cases of deafness, insomnia, palpitation of heart, mental fatigue etc. and among the sufferers are majorly small babies and old people.The problem further adds to the fact that noise control laws are neither followed properly nor implemented completely.

So I think that law alone is not sufficient until and unless we all take an oath to make the city noise-free by educating the people about its ill effects. Everyone who plays loud music while driving, should refrain from doing so.

 

Q.4. Complete the story in 200 – 250 words, which begins as the following, providing an appropriate title also. 

A woodcutter earned his living by cutting wood from the jungle and selling it in the market. One day when he was cutting down a tree on the bank of a river, his axe fell into the river. He was …..

OR

Q.4. The next day was the annual day of my school. I was very excited as I had participated in many activities. Moreover, I was going to receive the ’Best Student Trophy’ for 2017 -18. Late at night I heard a strange sound. My mother woke me up and told me that ……

Answer: 

THE WOODCUTTER AND THE AXE

A woodcutter earned his living by cutting wood from the jungle and selling it in the market. One day when he was cutting down a tree on the bank of a river, his axe fell into the river. He was shocked to see that because the axe was his only source of earning. The river was deep enough and the poor woodcutter didn’t know how to swim. He sat there weeping. For hours he kept waiting for someone to help him but no one turned up. Then an unusual thing happened. A beautiful elf from the river appeared before the woodcutter. She asked him “Why are you not chopping the wood ?” The woodcutter sadly replied, “My axe has fallen into the river and I don’t know how to swim. Now I can’t cut wood”. The elf then showed him a golden axe and asked him “Is this your axe which had fallen into the river ?” The woodcutter saw the axe carefully and replied, “No, it’s not my axe”. The elf disappeared and after some time reappeared with a silver axe. She again asked the woodcutter, “Is this axe you are looking for?” The woodcutter checked the axe again and said,” No, it’s not my axe. My axe is made up of iron and has a wooden handle”. This time the elf showed him his original axe and seeing that the woodcutter exclaimed with joy,” Yes, that’s my axe!” The honesty of the woodcutter made the elf very happy and she gave him both the gold and silver axes as his reward. The woodcutter accepted the gifts and returned home thrilled and overjoyed. He told the whole incident to wife who also appreciated his honesty and thereafter they both lived happily.

Moral -‘Honesty is always rewarded.’

OR

Answer:

THE BEST TROPHY OF MY LIFE

The next day was the annual day of my school. I was very excited as I had

participated in many activities. Moreover, I was going to receive the ‘Best Student Trophy’ for 2017-18. Late at night, I heard a strange sound. My mother woke me up and told me that my grandmother had been seriously ill. She was gasping and sweating profusely. My mother was horrified and perplexed to see this. She couldn’t understand what had happened to the grandmother. She didn’t know what to do so she cried for help. My father was not at home at that time. He had gone out of town for a week for some official work. I was all alone with my mother, younger sister and grandmother. Nobody had ever imagined that anything like that would happen. Fortunately, our next door neighbour had returned home early as he had to attend some party that day. When he heard my mother shouting for help, he came running to our house. He saw my grandmother and immediately understood # her condition. Without a moment’s delay, ’ he took out his car, put my grandmother in it and rushed to the nearby hospital. Meanwhile his wife took me and my sister to her house, calmed us down and fed us properly. Doctors examined her and said that she had a mild heart attack and the slightest delay would have turned out to be dangerous for her. Next morning, my grandmother was discharged after getting medical prescriptions and we took her back home. It was the happiest moment for all of us and we were grateful to our neighbours for because of whom we could see our grandmother alive. Then, I was all ready to receive the trophy but more than that, I was happy to have my grandmother back. It was the best trophy that I ever received in my life.

 

Q.5. Fill in the blanks in the paragraph given below by choosing the most appropriate options from the ones that follow. Attempt any four. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank numbers. 

Television __(a)__ become very popular in our country. People spend a lot __(b)__ time watching a variety of programmes. Some of the programmes __(c)__ are telecast these days are of a very poor quality. We should remember that television is __(d)__ effective in educating __(e)__ nation.

(a) (i) is

(ii) was

(iii) has

(iv) had

(b) (i) of

(ii) for

(iii) at

(iv) by

(c) (i) those

(ii) when

(iii) here

(iv) that

(d) (i) so

(ii) many

(iii) very

(iv) some

(e) (i) a

(ii) an

(iii) the

(iv) some

Answer: (a) (iii) has

(b) (i) of

(c) (iv) that

(d) (iii) very

(e) (iii) the

 

Q.6. The following paragraph has not been edited. There is one error in each line. Identify the error and write down its correction against the correct blank number. The first one has been done for you. Attempt any four. 

Answer :

 

Q.7. Rearrange any four of the following groups of word/phrases to make meaningful sentences:

(a) have become / part of / developing city / airports / an essential / a

(b) services / tourism in / air taxi / will / boost / the state

(c) more runways / for / we / landing / need / facilities

(d) promote / will surely / our tourism / this / sector

(e) this/increasing/will help/between cities

Answer: (a) Airports have become an essential part of a developing city.

(b) Air taxi services will boost tourism in the state.

(c) We need more runways for landing facilities.

(d) This sector will surely promote our tourism.

(e) This will help in increasing connectivity between cities.

 

SECTION – C

(LITERATURE) 

Q.8. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow: 

The baker usually collected his bills at the end of the month. Monthly accounts used to be recorded on some wall in pencil. Baking was indeed a profitable profession in the old days. The baker and his family never starved. He, his family and his servant always looked happy and prosperous. Their plump physique was an open testimony to this. Even today any person with a jackfruit like physical appearance is easily compared to a baker.

(a) Where did the baker record his accounts?

(b) Why did the baker and his family never starve ?

(c) Which word in the extract is a synonym of ’rich’ ?

(d) How can a baker be identified in Goa ?

OR

Q.8. Now the name of the little black kitten was Ink.

And the little gray mouse, she called him Blink.

And the little yellow dog was sharp as Mustard,

But the dragon was a coward, and she called him Custard.

(a) Name the poem and its poet.

(b) What is the colour of Belinda’s dog ?

(c) What were the kitten and the mouse called ?

(d) Which word in the stanza is the antonym of ‘dull’ ?

Answer:(a) The baker recorded his accounts on some wall in pencil.

(b) The baker and his family never starved because baking was a profitable profession in the old days.

(c) The synonym of the word ‘rich is prosperous.

(d) A baker can be identified in Goa if he has a jackfruit- like physical appearance.

OR

Answer: (a) The name of the poem is ‘The Tale of Custard the Dragon’ and the poet Ogden Nash.

(b) The color of the Belinda’s dog is yellow.

(c) The kitten was called ‘Ink’ and the mouse was called ‘Blink’.

(d) Antonym of the word ‘dull’ is sharp.

 

Q.9. Answer any four of the following questions in 30-40 words each. 

(a) Why did Leancho write a letter to God ?

(b) How did Chubukov react when lomov asked for the hand of his daughter in marriage ?

(c) Where in the classroom does Wanda sit and why ?

(d) How did Ebright’s mother helps him to becoming a scientist ?

(e) Why does Anil not hand Hari Singh over to the police ?

Answer: (a) Lencho’s crops were destroyed by a hailstorm. He had put all his money in farming and therefore, he was left with no money now. But he had strong faith in God that God would definitely solve his problem. So, he wrote a letter to God asking for 100 pesos so that he and his family wouldn’t starve.

(b) Chubukov was extremely cheerful and excited when Lomov asked for the hand of his daughter in marriage. He embraced and kissed Lomov on his forehead and shed tears of joy. He exclaimed with happiness that it was his heartfelt desire. He was of the opinion that Lomov would turn out to be the perfect match for his daughter, so he showered his blessings upon Lomov after hearing this.

(c) Wanda sits in the seat next to the last seat in the last row in Room 13. She belongs to a poor family. Her feet are usually caked with dry mud and the comer of the classroom in which she sits is also very dirty. In order to avoid the embarrassment and being laughed at by her classmates, Wanda sits there to hide herself.

(d) Ebright’s mother motivated him to leam. She was his only childhood friend and a companion. She used to take him on trips, buy scientific equipment like microscopes, telescopes, cameras, etc. and help him in many ways. She introduced him to Dr. Fredrick A. Urquhart of the University of Toronto, Canada. She found many interesting things for him to learn.

(e) Anil does not hand Hari Singh over to the police because he realizes that beyond his identity as a thief, Hari Singh is a good person and has learnt a lesson. Anil understands that Hari Singh has changed now otherwise he wouldn’t have put the stolen money back in its place. Anil has a humble nature so he wants to give Hari Singh a chance and forgives him for stealing money.

 

Q.10. Answer the following questions in 100-120 words:

Mme Forestier proved to be a hue friend of the Loisels. Elaborate.

OR

Q.10. Why did Gotami go to the Buddha ? What lesson did he teach her ?

Answer : Mme Forestier proved to be a true friend of Loisels. Mme Forestier played a crucial role in the story. She helped Mathilde when Mathilde needed her genuinely. Mathilde was blessed with a beautiful physique but she lacked the lavish lifestyle she yearned for. Therefore, she was discontented with her life. Although Mme Forestier treated her kindly, Mathilde was jealous of Mme Forestier because of her wealth. Once, Mathilde had to attend a fancy party so she borrowed a diamond necklace from Mme Forestier. Forestier was immediately ready to lend Mathilde the necklace. In fact, she displayed the entire array of her jewels in front of her and asked her to choose from them. She didn’t show any urgency to get back the necklace and when Mathilde returned the necklace, Mme Forestier didn’t even inspect it. It shows her honest nature. She also felt bad when Mathilde suffered unnecessarily to pay for a replacement necklace. Thus, she proved to be her genuine friend.

OR

Answer: Kisa Gotami was a young woman who belonged to a wealthy family. She was married to a merchant. When her one-year old child fell ill and died, she was grief- stricken and couldn’t bear his death. She took her dead child in her arms and went door to door begging everyone to tell the way to get her child back to life. Nobody helped her and instead thought her to be crazy but she didn’t give up. Then she came across a Buddhist who suggested her to meet Buddha as only he could help him. That’s why Gotami went to Buddha. Buddha taught her the lesson of life and truth. When she told Buddha the whole story, he listened to it with patience and asked her to collect mustard seeds from a house where no one had ever died. She went from house to house but she couldn’t find a single house where no one had ever died. Ultimately, she understood what Buddha had been trying to explain her that suffering is inevitable and in this way, she realized that death is the ultimate truth and one has to meet his destined end one day, no one can avoid it. So, she took her child away and became the Buddha’s follower.

 

Q.11. Answer the following question in 200 – 250 words : 

Justify the title, “The Diary of A Young Girl’.

                        OR

Write a character sketch of Anne Frank.

                       OR

What type of relationship did Miss Anne Sullivan and Helen Share ?

                        OR

Write a character sketch of Alexander Graham Bell.

 

English 10th Previous Year Question Paper 2019 SET-I (CBSE)

English

SECTION – A

(READING)

Q.1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

(1) Keep your watch accurate. For some people, moving up the time on their watch will help them get up earlier. For others, they will remember that the time on the watch is wrong and will disregard it altogether. It may be helpful to set your watch just two minutes ahead instead of five or ten.

(2) Keep a clock, phone, computer or anything that displays time in each room of your house. One of the easiest ways to run late is simply by not realising that the time is passing as quickly as it is.

(3) Set all your clocks and watches to the same time. Don’t be an optimist. Things usually take longer than what you’d expect, even without major delays. If you have a dinner appointment at 7:30 p.m., don’t think you can work till 7 p.m., then take a bath, dress and reach on time. Realistically, calculate the time you will take at each step and then add 10 minutes more to allow for unexpected delays, or you cannot get to your job in time.

(4) Wake up when you are supposed to wake up. Don’t hit the snooze button, keep on lying in bed, and watch TV at the very start of your day. Maybe try even setting your clock 10 minutes earlier than you need. If you have difficulty with this, move your alarm clock to somewhere away from your bed; that way, you have to get up to turn it off. Commit yourself to being 15 minutes early for everything. If you have to reach your place of work at 8:00, don’t even tell yourself this. Just tell yourself (and everyone else who listens- but don’t annoy them or make them think that they are late or early!) “I have to be at work at 7.45”. If you do this, you will be on time even with little unforeseen delays. You will be on time even with a traffic jam.

 

Q.1.1. Complete the following statements using words/phrases from the passage. Attempt any eight.

(a) Some people believe that if ….. it will help them be earlier.

(b) Many others know ….. they disregard it altogether.

(c) Keep …… in each room.

(d) One of the things that can be done is …… of five or ten minutes.

(e) Many a time we do not realise that ……

(f) Instead of pressing the snooze button ……

(g) If you have difficulty in getting up …….

(h) It is a good habit to ……. somewhere away from your bed.

(i) It is good to commit yourself …… for everything.

Answer: (a) they move up the time on their watch,

(b) that the time on the watch is wrong so

(c) a clock, phone, computer or anything that displays time

(d) to set watch just two minutes ahead instead

(e) the time is passing as quickly as it is

(f) wake up when you are supposed to wake up

(g) early then try to set your clock ten minutes earlier.

(h) move your alarm clock to

(i) to being 15 minutes earlier

 

Q.2. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow : 

1. Music is perhaps the most popular and widely practised form of Fine Arts, transcending all kinds of cultural and linguistic barriers. Any form of fine art is difficult to master and almost impossible to perfect and music is no exception.

2. Nature, it is learnt, has blessed almost two- thirds of the human race with musical ability of some sort. Music has the power to bring out the deepest emotions. It can make one cry or bring a smile on one’s face. In fact it is a magic medicine and many seek refuge in it when they are depressed or stressed. It is this intimacy that makes us listen to music or even hum or sing sometimes. This singing, or realistically speaking, expressing one’s emotion musically sometimes takes a serious turn. This desire to show musical expression in public then becomes a serious business profession. And from here the musical journey begins.

3. This desire to sing before an audience is innocent and beautiful and indeed it is perfectly alright to have such a genuine desire. But it is also important to understand that, singing is an intricate art — a highly refined one at that, which requires systematic, prolonged and strict training, to be acceptable. This is an aspect we forget in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform. It is almost like preparing a formal meal for some specially invited guests, without even having learnt and trained in the basics of cooking. This is why we have more noise and less music nowadays.

4. These days almost everyone sings and it does not stop here. Most of us want to become professional singers, Result : a complete disregard for and ignorance of the

training part, as the need is never felt to go through one and the urge to get to the stage and perform overcomes even a little desire to learn, if any. If at all, somewhere along the way one feels the need to gain some knowledge and training, it leads to hurried shortcuts and half-hearted attempts, best described as ‘Crash Courses’.

5. It is observed that those who have attained the so called partial success, suddenly feel that they lack the required knowledge and are not learned enough. But it is too late by then. It should be understood here that the stage or a performance brings in a different mindset within the artist. It is always recommended and rightly said, that while on stage, cover the mistakes and weaknesses if any, and get along. But the contrary is true when it comes to acquiring knowledge and during the learning process. While under training, the student is expected to make mistakes but then rectify those mistakes under the supervision and guidance of the teacher. Therefore, it is good to make mistakes and be corrected during the process of learning as this subsequently makes one flawless and educated. This is a different mindset. And these two mindsets discussed above, (those of a performer and that of a student) cannot co-exist.

 

Q.2.1. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any four of the following questions in 30 – 40 words each :

(a) The desire to sing in public overcomes the need to train. Elaborate.

(b) How can we say that music is a magic medicine ?

(c) What is best described as ‘Crash Courses’ ?

(d) What should be the mindset of a student of music ?

(e) Why is singing a refined and intricate art ?

Answer: (a) The desire to sing in public is innocent and beautiful and indeed it is perfectly alright to have such a genuine desire. Most of us want to become professional singers with complete disregard for and ignorance of the training part. This is an aspect that we forget in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform which in turn, overcomes the desire to learn.

(b) Music has the power to bring out the deepest emotions. It is a magic medicine as it can make one cry or bring a smile on one’s face and many seek refuge in it when they are depressed or stressed.

(c) If one feels the need to gain some knowledge and training to become a professional singer, it leads to hurried shortcuts and half-hearted attempts, best described as ‘Crash Courses’.

(d) While under training, the student is expected to make mistakes but then rectify those mistakes under the supervision and guidance of the teacher. Therefore, it is good to make mistakes and then correct them during the process of learning as this subsequently makes one flawless and educated. This should be the mindset of the student of music.

(e) Singing is a refined and intricate art because it requires systematic, prolonged and strict training to be acceptable. We forget this aspect in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform. It is like preparing a formal meal for some specially invited guests without even having learnt and trained in the basics of cooking. That is why we have more noise and less music nowadays.

 

Q.2.2. On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any four of the following:

(a) Almost of human population is blessed with musical ability of some sort.

(i) two-thirds

(ii) one-third

(iii) half

(iv) one-fifth

(b) Any form of is difficult to master.

(i) visual art

(ii) audio-visual art

(iii) fine arts

(iv) design art

(c) ‘Transcending’ in para 1 means.

(i) drown under

(ii) rise above

(iii) surrender

(iv) fail

(d) ‘Refuge’ in para 2 means.

(i) shelter from rain

(ii) shelter from storm

(iii) shelter from unhappiness

(iv) shelter from sun

(e) ‘Partial’ in para 5 means.

(i) unfair

(ii) incomplete

(iii) whole

(iv) total

Answer:

(a) (i) two-third

(b) (iii) fine arts

(c) (ii) rise above

(d) (iii) shelter from unhappiness

(e) (ii) incomplete

 

Section- B

(WRITING AND GRAMMAR) 

Q.3. As a health conscious person, you have noticed an advertisement in a newspaper on yoga classes in your neighbourhood. Write a letter in 100-120 words to the organizer, Yoga for Public, R.K. Puram, New Delhi requesting him/her to send you information about the duration of the course and other relevant details. You Shweta/Srikar of 13, R.K. Puram, New Delhi. 

OR

Q.3. You have noticed that the number of vehicles is steadily increasing in your city. There are long traffic jams causing a lot of inconvenience to the road users. Write an article in 100 – 200 words on the topic, ‘Problem of Traffic Jams in Metropolitan Cities/ Your are Renu/Rajan.

Answer: 

13, R.K. Puram

New Delhi

14th April, 20XX

The Organizer

Yoga for Public

R.K. Puram

New Delhi

Sub : Inquiry about the Yoga Classes

 Sir,

With reference to your advertisement in ‘Patrika Times’ dated 12th April, 20××, I have come to know that you are organizing yoga classes near my locality. It’s a good initiative and also highly appreciable because yoga helps detox the body and de-stress the mind. It also maintains balance between physical and mental health of a person. Sparing some time for yoga helps in getting relief from stress. As I am a health conscious person and know that yoga helps in curing many diseases in today’s deskbound lifestyle, I wish to join the classes. But prior to joining the classes, I would like you to furnish me the following details:

  • Duration of the course
  • Timings
  • Fee structure
  • Mode of payment
  • Instructor
  • Class duration

It will be highly appreciated if the above details are provided to me at the earliest. Thanking You Yours Faithfully Shweta/Srikar

OR

Answer:

PROBLEM OF TRAFFIC JAMS IN METROPOLITAN CITIES

By Renu/Rajan

The country’s automobile industry has been growing rapidly with the increase in per capita income, the consequence of which is excessive load on roads due to steadily increasing number of vehicles in the metropolitan cities. Traffic jams occur when vehicles in large numbers come to a standstill for any reason for a certain period of time. There is not a single day when the roads in the metro cities are without chaos. Another reason for the traffic congestion is the overgrowing population as well as the increase in the number of private, public and commercial vehicles. It occurs mostly during peak hours when people commute to or fro from their workplaces and hence, they face inconvenience. It is an absolute wastage of their productive time. Distances have also increased in a way. Where it used to take only few minutes to cover certain distances earlier, now takes hours to cover the same. People get stranded in their vehicles for hours and get late for their offices, business meetings or any other appointments. Heavy traffic creates problems not only for the vehicle drivers but also for pedestrians. Pedestrians find it difficult to walk on the sideways meant for them. Traffic congestion has become a menace for the injured or seriously ill patients who sometimes die on their way due to traffic jams. There are also chances of road mishaps as vehicles move in close proximity to each other.

It is therefore necessary to start an awareness campaign to lighten the burden on roads and to take various measures to control traffic jams in metro cities.

 

Q.4. Complete the story in 200 – 250 words, which begins as the following, providing an appropriate title also. 

Mukesh, the grocer, was very greedy. He would mix stones in pulses and coloured sand in spices and sell them to the poor villagers. The villagers complained to him but he turned a deaf ear to them, as his was the only grocery store in the village. The villagers, then decided

OR

Q.4. It was 10 p.m. I was alone at home. Suddenly I heard a knock on the door …… 

Answer: TIT FOR TAT

Mukesh, the grocer, was very greedy. He would mix stones in pulses and coloured sand in spices and sell them to the poor villagers. The villagers complained to him but he turned a deaf ear to them, as his was the only grocery store in the village. The villagers, then decided to teach him a lesson. They all gathered and went to the king to make a complaint against him. On hearing this the king became very angry and ordered his courtiers to summon him to the court. When Mukesh was brought to the court, the king rebuked him saying, “You have been cheating the innocent villagers for the past so many months and for this, you will be punished”. The grocer was frightened and asked for forgiveness. The king gave him the relaxation of choosing his punishment. The king asked him either to get ready to go beaten a thousand times or eat one hundred onions at a time. The grocer became happy thinking it to be an easy punishment and chose to eat onions. But having eaten only 20 onions, tears rolled down his eyes and he asked to be beaten. When guards started lashing him and the count reached to 50, Mukesh cried with pain and knelt down before the king feeling extremely sorry for his deeds. He promised not to cheat anyone in future. The king released him on a warning and Mukesh lived the life of an honest person thereafter.

Moral – ‘Greed leads to grief’

OR

Answer: 

THE SCARY NIGHT

It was 10 p.m. I was alone at home. Suddenly, I heard a knock on the door. I expected no one at that hour of time as all my family members had gone to attend a close family wedding whereas I was supposed to stay at home due to my board exams. Repeated knocking at the door scared me to death. A chill went down my spine. Suddenly, the lights went off and this only worsened my fear. Then I saw some shadows outside the window. My heartbeat increased as it was dense dark outside, and I couldn’t imagine in my wildest thoughts who could be there. I geared up, gathered courage and reached the window. Slowly I pulled the curtains and looked outside but the shadow was not clear at all and it was not a single shadow but four or five shadows. This was enough for me to believe that some scoundrels were there at the door. I looked for my cricket bat, held it tightly and reached for the main door of the living room. Although it was a cold winter, I was still down with sweat. With a sudden jerk, I opened the door and lifted my bat to hit but I was surprised to see that it was my family members who had come early because of me. I felt relieved and embraced my mother tightly. That night I slept with my parents, holding my mother’s hand. It was really a scary night!

Moral – ‘Do not lose courage even in the worst situation.’

 

Q.5. Fill in the blanks in the paragraph given below by choosing the most appropriate options from the ones that follow. Attempt any four. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank numbers.

The caves of Ajanta and Ellora _(a)__ the magnificent works of sculpture. Whoever __(b)__ there __(c)__ spell bound. Thousands __(d)__ tourists visit these places every year. One can stay __(e)__ the guest houses.

(a) (i) is

(ii) are

(iii) was

(iv) were

(b) (i) go

(ii) going

(iii) goes

(c) (i) becomes

(ii) became

(iii) becoming

(iv) has become

(d) (i) for

(ii) of

(iii) from

(iv) at

(e) (i) on

(ii) over

(iii) upon

(iv) in

 

Q.6. In the following paragraph, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it against the correct blank number. The first one has been done for you. Attempt any four.

Answer: (a) to a legend

(b) Rama with the

(c) bridge to Lanka

(d) of this island

(e) Temple which is

 

Q.7. Rearrange any four or the following groups of word/phrases to make meaningful sentences.

(a) of mankind / reading is / one of / pleasures / the greatest 

(b) we / enjoy / the / much more / borrowed ones / our own books / reading / than

(c) book / carefully / must be / with / borrowed / treated

(d) book / afraid of / you should / writing notes on / not be / your own 

(e) should begin / one / a private library / one’s youth / building / in 

Answer: (a) Reading is one of the greatest pleasures of mankind. 

(b) We enjoy reading our own books much more than the borrowed ones. 

(c) A borrowed book must be treated carefully with. 

(d) You should not be afraid of writing notes on your own book. 

(e) One should begin building a private library in one’s youth.

 

SECTION – C

(LITERATURE) 

Q.8. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow: 

The baker usually collected his bills at the end of the month. Monthly accounts used to be recorded on some wall in pencil. Baking was indeed a profitable profession in the old days. The baker and his family never starved. He, his family and his servant always looked happy and prosperous. Their plump physique was an open testimony to this. Even today any person with a jackfruit like physical appearance is easily compared to a baker.

(a) Where did the baker record his accounts?

(b) Why did the baker and his family never starve ?

(c) Which word in the extract is a synonym of ’rich’ ?

(d) How can a baker be identified in Goa ?

OR

Q.8. Now the name of the little black kitten was Ink.

And the little gray mouse, she called him Blink.

And the little yellow dog was sharp as Mustard,

But the dragon was a coward, and she called him Custard.

(a) Name the poem and its poet.

(b) What is the colour of Belinda’s dog ?

(c) What were the kitten and the mouse called ?

(d) Which word in the stanza is the antonym of ‘dull’ ?

Answer:(a) The baker recorded his accounts on some wall in pencil.

(b) The baker and his family never starved because baking was a profitable profession in the old days.

(c) The synonym of the word ‘rich is prosperous.

(d) A baker can be identified in Goa if he has a jackfruit- like physical appearance.

OR

Answer: (a) The name of the poem is ‘The Tale of Custard the Dragon’ and the poet Ogden Nash.

(b) The color of the Belinda’s dog is yellow.

(c) The kitten was called ‘Ink’ and the mouse was called ‘Blink’.

(d) Antonym of the word ‘dull’ is sharp.

 

Q.9. Answer any four of the following questions in 30-40 words each. 

(a) Why did Leancho write a letter to God ?

(b) How did Chubukov react when lomov asked for the hand of his daughter in marriage ?

(c) Where in the classroom does Wanda sit and why ?

(d) How did Ebright’s mother helps him to becoming a scientist ?

(e) Why does Anil not hand Hari Singh over to the police ?

Answer: (a) Lencho’s crops were destroyed by a hailstorm. He had put all his money in farming and therefore, he was left with no money now. But he had strong faith in God that God would definitely solve his problem. So, he wrote a letter to God asking for 100 pesos so that he and his family wouldn’t starve.

(b) Chubukov was extremely cheerful and excited when Lomov asked for the hand of his daughter in marriage. He embraced and kissed Lomov on his forehead and shed tears of joy. He exclaimed with happiness that it was his heartfelt desire. He was of the opinion that Lomov would turn out to be the perfect match for his daughter, so he showered his blessings upon Lomov after hearing this.

(c) Wanda sits in the seat next to the last seat in the last row in Room 13. She belongs to a poor family. Her feet are usually caked with dry mud and the comer of the classroom in which she sits is also very dirty. In order to avoid the embarrassment and being laughed at by her classmates, Wanda sits there to hide herself.

(d) Ebright’s mother motivated him to leam. She was his only childhood friend and a companion. She used to take him on trips, buy scientific equipment like microscopes, telescopes, cameras, etc. and help him in many ways. She introduced him to Dr. Fredrick A. Urquhart of the University of Toronto, Canada. She found many interesting things for him to learn.

(e) Anil does not hand Hari Singh over to the police because he realizes that beyond his identity as a thief, Hari Singh is a good person and has learnt a lesson. Anil understands that Hari Singh has changed now otherwise he wouldn’t have put the stolen money back in its place. Anil has a humble nature so he wants to give Hari Singh a chance and forgives him for stealing money.

Q.10. Answer the following questions in 100-120 words:

Mme Forestier proved to be a hue friend of the Loisels. Elaborate.

OR

Q.10. Why did Gotami go to the Buddha ? What lesson did he teach her ?

Answer : Mme Forestier proved to be a true friend of Loisels. Mme Forestier played a crucial role in the story. She helped Mathilde when Mathilde needed her genuinely. Mathilde was blessed with a beautiful physique but she lacked the lavish lifestyle she yearned for. Therefore, she was discontented with her life. Although Mme Forestier treated her kindly, Mathilde was jealous of Mme Forestier because of her wealth. Once, Mathilde had to attend a fancy party so she borrowed a diamond necklace from Mme Forestier. Forestier was immediately ready to lend Mathilde the necklace. In fact, she displayed the entire array of her jewels in front of her and asked her to choose from them. She didn’t show any urgency to get back the necklace and when Mathilde returned the necklace, Mme Forestier didn’t even inspect it. It shows her honest nature. She also felt bad when Mathilde suffered unnecessarily to pay for a replacement necklace. Thus, she proved to be her genuine friend.

OR

Answer: Kisa Gotami was a young woman who belonged to a wealthy family. She was married to a merchant. When her one-year old child fell ill and died, she was grief- stricken and couldn’t bear his death. She took her dead child in her arms and went door to door begging everyone to tell the way to get her child back to life. Nobody helped her and instead thought her to be crazy but she didn’t give up. Then she came across a Buddhist who suggested her to meet Buddha as only he could help him. That’s why Gotami went to Buddha. Buddha taught her the lesson of life and truth. When she told Buddha the whole story, he listened to it with patience and asked her to collect mustard seeds from a house where no one had ever died. She went from house to house but she couldn’t find a single house where no one had ever died. Ultimately, she understood what Buddha had been trying to explain her that suffering is inevitable and in this way, she realized that death is the ultimate truth and one has to meet his destined end one day, no one can avoid it. So, she took her child away and became the Buddha’s follower.

 

Q.11. Answer the following question in 200 – 250 words : 

Justify the title, “The Diary of A Young Girl’.

                            OR

Write a character sketch of Anne Frank.

                            OR

What type of relationship did Miss Anne Sullivan and Helen Share ?

                           OR

Write a character sketch of Alexander Graham Bell.

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