Author: Shivali Varshney, Vidhyarthi Darpan

NATIONAL NEWS

More States slash petrol, diesel prices after Centre’s excise duty cut

After fuel prices went through the roof, buckling under pressure, the Union Government on the occasion of Diwali, slashed the excise duty on fuel; several States followed suit by lowering Value Added Tax (VAT) on petrol and diesel to give some respite to consumers. Excise duty on petrol and diesel were slashed by ₹5 and ₹10 per litre on Wednesday. Six BJP-ruled states have announced a cut in VAT rates but a formal notification has so far been issued only in case of four. Puducherry saw an additional ₹7 a litre reduction in both petrol and diesel price because of the cut in value added tax (VAT).  Petrol costs ₹103.97 per litre in Delhi against ₹110.04 per litre, according to a price notification of state-owned fuel retailers. Diesel rates accordingly reduced to ₹86.67 per litre from ₹98.42 per litre. In Mumbai, petrol price has been cut by ₹5.87 to ₹109.98 per litre and diesel by ₹12.48 to ₹94.14 per litre. Kolkata saw the price of diesel being reduced by ₹5.82 to ₹104.67 per litre and that of diesel by ₹11.77 to ₹89.79 per litre. Petrol price in Chennai has been reduced by ₹5.26 to ₹101.40 per litre and diesel by ₹11.16 to ₹91.43 per litre. Other states namely, Gujarat, Mizoram and Sikkim governments too have reduced the Value Added Tax (VAT) on petrol and diesel by ₹7 per litre each. The Haryana government too announced a reduction in VAT on the fuels on Thursday, making them cheaper in the BJP-ruled State by ₹12 per litre on Deepavali. Odisha too slashed the prices of petrol, diesel by ₹3 per litre. The Uttar Pradesh government too on Wednesday lowered the VAT on the two fuels making them cheaper by ₹12 per litre in the state. Goa saw an additional ₹5.47 a litre cut in petrol and ₹4.38 on diesel. Despite a cut in excise duty, diesel was selling more than ₹100 per litre in several States. 

Assam earmarks land for the evicted but insists on citizenship proof

The Assam government said it has earmarked around 130 hectares for relocating the evicted families of Gorukhuti in Darrang district provided they are valid citizens besides a set of other requirements, the emphasis on documentation has raised concerns about dispossession.  According to reports, around 1,200-1,400 houses were razed to the ground on September 20 and September 23 at Dhalpur I, II and III villages in Gorukhuti, leaving over 7,000 people homeless. Village markets, mosques, kabristans, madrassas and maktubs were also bulldozed. The eviction drive had passed off peacefully on the first day but met stiff resistance by local people on the second instance and also left two dead in a police firing on September. Among the dead was a 12-year-old boy who had got his first identity proof, an Aadhaar card, before he was shot dead. Over 20 people were injured, including policemen. The evicted families of Dhalpur village in Gorukuti will not, however, be paid any compensation as they are encroachers, the government said in an affidavit to Gauhati High Court in response to a PIL filed by the Leader of the Opposition Debabrata Saikia.An area of about 1,000 bighas (about 134 hectares) of land in the southern part of No 1 & No 3 Dhalpur village has been earmarked for relocating the evicted persons subject to verification of the status of erosion affected and landless status in their respective original places and districts, citizenship and existing rehabilitation policy of the state, the affidavit by the government said. Sipajhar Revenue Circle Officer Kamaljeet Sarma, representing the Assam government, said in the affidavit that the occupants of the areas were encroachers and they were liable to be evicted at any time as per rules framed under Assam Land and Revenue Regulation, 1886.The matter is related to encroachment and eviction only and is not at all related to acquisition of land. Therefore, the question of resettlement, rehabilitation and compensation etc as per Land Acquisition Act is irrelevant, he added.

Ram Temple in Ayodhya to open for ‘darshan’ from December 2023

The Ram Temple construction in Ayodhya is ongoing and the temple will be open for ‘darshan’ for devotees from December 2023, said Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) leader Gopal on November 3, 2021. Graphite from Bangalore, stones from Jodhpur and Mirzapur, sandstones from Bansi Paharpur have been coming in for the construction of the Ram Temple. Work on the 5-feet (1.5 meters) path of rafting is expected to be completed within 15 days. The General Secretary of Shriram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra Trust informed that the Ram Temple construction work is being done at night as the concreting is being done currently.

India to host 3rd NSA-level meeting on Afghanistan on November 10

India will host the 3rd Delhi Regional Security Dialogue on Afghanistan on November 10, 2021. The dialogue to be held at the National Security Advisor (NSA) level will be chaired by India’s NSA Ajit Doval. All Central Asian countries as well as Russia and Iran have confirmed their participation. This is the first time that all central Asian countries will participate. Invitations to Pakistan and China were also extended however Pakistan informed that it will not attend the dialogue. The high-level NSA meet on Afghanistan to be hosted by India will deliberate on the situation in Afghanistan and address the growing concern of regional countries on the same. The meeting will allow countries to consult and coordinate efforts for promoting peace and security in Afghanistan.

India, Bhutan to set up 7 additional entry and exit points for trade

Through the process of Letters of Exchange, India and Bhutan announced 7 additional entry and exit points of trade between both countries during the Commerce Secretary Level meeting in New Delhi on November 4, 2021, to deliberate on trade and transit issues. During the meeting, India and Bhutan deliberated extensive discussions on the current trade and transit issues including plans for strengthening bilateral trade relations and issues of mutual interest, increasing trade connectivity between both countries. Secretary, Department of Commerce BVR Subrahmanyam led the Indian delegation, and the Secretary, Ministry of Economic Affairs Dasho Karma Tshering led the Bhutanese delegation at the Commerce Secretary Level meeting.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS 

Britain says yes to Merck’s coronavirus antiviral pill

Britain has granted a conditional authorization to the first pill shown to successfully treat COVID-19 — Merck’s coronavirus antiviral, becoming the first country to approve the treatment, although it was not immediately clear how quickly the pill would be available, agencies have reported. Today is a historic day for our country, as the UK is now the first country in the world to approve an antiviral that can be taken at home for COVID-19, said Britain’s health secretary, Sajid Javid. We are working at pace across the government and with the NHS to set out plans to deploy molnupiravir to patients through a national study as soon as possible, he said in a statement, referring to the U.K.’s National Health Service. Doctors said the treatment would be particularly significant for people who do not respond well to vaccination. The pill was licensed for adults 18 and older who have tested positive for COVID-19 and have at least one risk factor for developing severe disease. The drug, known as molnupiravir, is intended to be taken twice a day for five days by people at home with mild to moderate COVID-19. An antiviral pill that reduces symptoms and speeds recovery could prove ground-breaking, easing caseloads on hospitals and helping to curb outbreaks in poorer countries with fragile health systems. It would also bolster the two-pronged approach to the pandemic: treatment, by way of medication, and prevention, primarily through vaccinations. Molnupiravir is also pending review at regulators in the U.S., Europe and elsewhere. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced last month it would convene a panel of independent experts to scrutinize the pill’s safety and effectiveness in late November. Initial supplies will be limited. Merck has said it can produce 10 million treatment courses through the end of the year, but much of that supply has already been purchased by governments worldwide.

 

Countries pledge to phase out dependence on fossil fuels

Several major coal-using nations have pledged for the first time to phase out their use of the heavily-polluting fossil fuel or to speed up existing plans to do so, while others announced commitments to end investment in new coal-fired power plants, agencies have reported. U.K. Business Secretary Kwasi Kwarteng said on Wednesday that the commitments made on the sidelines of the U.N. climate summit in Glasgow, Scotland, meant the end of coal is in sight. But critics noted the several major economies still have not set a date for ending their dependence on the fuel that is a major source of planet-warming emissions. The British government said pledges of new or earlier deadlines for ending coal use came from countries including Poland, Ukraine, Vietnam and Chile. India is also committed to achieving net zero emissions by 2070. Existing targets for curbing global warming require countries to stop burning coal, but many major economies including the United States, China, India and Japan have set no formal dates for ending its use. Still, experts said the announcement and others made so far at the October 31-November 12 summit showed the growing momentum to ditch coal.

 

New York congresswoman Maloney introduces Diwali Day Act in the US Congress

The New York congresswoman Carolyn B Maloney on November 3, 2021, introduced the Deepavali Day Act in the House of Representatives to make Diwali a national holiday in the US. Maloney was joined by Congressman Raja Krishnamoorthi, Congressman Gregory Meeks Chair of the House Foreign Affairs Committee. If the Deepavali Day Act gets approved, all federal institutions in the US will observe the Diwali holidays and honour the cultural heritage of millions of Indian Americans in the US. Congresswoman Maloney has earlier successfully advocated urging the US Postal Services to approve and issue a commemorative stamp to honour Diwali. The stamp got issued for circulation in 2016.

 

Indian Navy delivers 100 tonnes of nano nitrogen liquid fertilizers to Sri Lanka

Two Indian Air Force planes carrying 100 tonnes of Nano Nitrogen Liquid Fertilizers successfully landed in Colombo, Sri Lanka on November 4, 2021. Indian High Commission in Sri Lanka in a tweet said that the delivery was conducted in response to a call by the Sri Lankan government for urgent support in airlifting nano fertilizers. In May 2021, Sri Lankan president Gotabaya Rajapaksa announced to stop importing chemical fertilizers. Since then, Sri Lanka is experiencing an acute crisis of fertilizers after the ban. Sri Lankan president Gotabaya Rajapaksa announced the decision to import nano nitrogen liquid fertilizer to which India has offered to supply nano fertilizer to Sri Lanka.

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NATIONAL NEWS 

Excise duty on petrol cut by ₹5, diesel by ₹10

The Central government has announced an excise duty cut on petrol and diesel of ₹5 and ₹10 per litre, respectively, effective from November 4. The Union Finance Ministry on November 3 said the reduction will boost consumption and keep inflation low, thus helping the poor and middle classes, while adding that the States have also been urged to ‘commensurately reduce VAT’ on petrol and diesel to give relief to consumers. In recent months, crude oil prices have witnessed a global upsurge. Consequently, domestic prices of petrol and diesel had increased in recent weeks exerting inflationary pressure. The world has also seen shortages and increased prices of all forms of energy, the Ministry explained. The Finance Ministry said the duty cut will particularly help farmers in the Rabi season. Arguing that the excise duty on diesel has been lowered by twice the amount as petrol, the Ministry said this will particularly help farmers in the upcoming Rabi season. The Indian farmers have, through their hard work, kept the economic growth momentum going even during the lockdown phase…, it noted.

WHO nod to COVAXIN

After months of will it, won’t it, the World Health Organisation (WHO) on Wednesday finally granted emergency use listing for Bharat Biotech COVID-19 vaccine Covaxin. WHO has granted emergency use listing (EUL) to COVAXIN (developed by Bharat Biotech), adding to a growing portfolio of vaccines validated by WHO for the prevention of COVID19. The Technical Advisory Group, convened by WHO and made up of regulatory experts from around the world, has determined that the Covaxin vaccine meets WHO standards for protection against COVID-19, that the benefit of the vaccine far outweighs risks & the vaccine can be used, the organisation tweeted. The organisation added that the vaccine should be administered in two doses, with a dose interval of four weeks, in all age groups 18 and above. Covaxin vaccine was also reviewed by WHO’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE), and recommended use of this vaccine in two doses, with a dose interval of four weeks, in all age groups 18 and above. Available data on vaccination of pregnant women with the Covaxin  vaccine are insufficient to assess vaccine safety or efficacy in pregnancy; studies in pregnant women are planned, including a pregnancy sub-study and a pregnancy registry, the organisation tweeted. The TAG-EUL is an independent advisory group that provides recommendations to WHO on whether a COVID-19 vaccine can be listed for emergency use under the EUL procedure. Covaxin has demonstrated 77.8% effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 and 65.2% protection against the new Delta variant. In June, the company said it concluded the final analysis of Covaxin efficacy from Phase 3 trials. Bharat Biotech’s Covaxin and AstraZeneca and Oxford University’s Covishield are the two widely used vaccines in India.

SC to examine whether Education is a service

The Supreme Court has agreed to examine whether education is a service within the Consumer Protection Act. A bench of Justices DY Chandrachud and BV Nagarathna noted that a similar legal issue is pending adjudication in another case and tagged the matter along with it. Having regard to the pendency of Civil Appeal No 3504 of 2020 (Manu Solanki and Others vs Vinayaka Mission University), the issue as to whether education is a service within the Consumer Protection Act, is pending before this Court. Leave granted. Tag with Civil Appeal, the bench said in its October 29 order. The apex court was hearing an appeal filed by Lucknow resident challenging an order of the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCRDC) which said educational institutions do not fall within the ambit of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 and education which includes co-curricular activities such as swimming, is not a service within the meaning of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986. In this case, the man’s son was studying at a school which offered various ‘Summer Camp’ activities in 2007 including swimming, and invited students to participate by paying ₹1,000. On May 28, 2007 at about 9.30 am, he received an urgent call from the school requesting him to come immediately as his son was unwell. Upon reaching the school, the man was informed that his son had been taken to hospital as he had drowned in the school’s swimming pool. He then rushed to the hospital where he learnt that his son was brought dead. Thereafter, he filed a consumer complaint in the State Commission alleging negligence and deficiency in service on part of the School and claimed ₹20 lakh as compensation for the death of his son as well as ₹2 lakh on account of mental agony suffered by him and ₹55,000 towards the cost of litigation. The State Commission dismissed the complaint on the ground that the complainant is not a consumer. This order was challenged in NCDRC. The NCDRC held that education which includes co-curricular activities such as swimming, is not a service within the meaning of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986. It concurred with the State Commission’s view that the complainant is not a consumer and the complaint not being covered under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 is not maintainable.

PM urges districts with low vaccination coverage to speed up

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Wednesday held a review meeting with senior officials of districts having low COVID vaccination coverage. The meeting included districts with less than 50% coverage of the first dose and low coverage of the second. The Prime Minister interacted with the District Magistrates of over 40 districts in Jharkhand, Manipur, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya and other States. Directing officials to prepare region-wise timetables for local goals, the Prime Minister said, You will have to do your best to take your districts nearer the national average. According to a release by the Central Government, Mr. Modi spoke about the issue of rumours and misunderstandings about vaccination. He suggested that awareness is the only solution for this and asked the officials to take help from religious leaders. The Prime Minister noted that religious leaders are very enthusiastic about the vaccination campaign and urged for a special emphasis on taking their message to the public.He also asked the officials to change gears from making arrangements for taking people to the vaccination centre safely to administering the jabs door-to-door. Urging health workers to reach every house with passion har ghar tika, ghar ghar tika (vaccine at every doorstep), the Prime Minister asked them to go in the spirit of Har Ghar Dastak knocking on every doorstep. Now we are preparing to take the campaign to each household. With the mantra of ‘Har Ghar Dastak’, knock on every door, every household lacking the security net of a double dose of vaccine. The Prime Minister cautioned that equal attention needed to be paid to the second dose because whenever the cases of infection start decreasing, sometimes the feeling of urgency decreases. You will have to contact those people who have not taken the second dose despite the stipulated time on a priority basis…ignoring this has created problems for many countries. He emphasised that under the free vaccine for all campaign, India created a record of administering about 2.5 crore doses in a day which bears testimony to its capabilities. Asking the officials to learn from the good practices of their colleagues in better performing districts, the Prime Minister emphasised that approaches should be suitable for the local needs and the environment. The District Magistrates gave an account of the issues and challenges they are facing which has resulted in low coverage. The Prime Minister discussed the issue of vaccine hesitancy and the local factors behind it in detail. Union Health Secretary Rajesh Bhushan gave an overview of the vaccination coverage.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS 

Pakistan refuses airspace for Srinagar-Sharjah flight

Pakistan  denied use of its airspace to Go First, earlier known as GoAir, forcing the flight from Srinagar to Sharjah to take a longer route, and fly over Gujarat to reach its destination in the UAE, government officials said. Government and airline sources said that other west-bound flights using Pakistan’s airspace, including those flying to the US and UK, were unaffected. MEA and MHA officials are working to resolve the issue, a person in the know said. The Go First flight, G81595, was flying via Lahore until October 30, according to flight tracking website Flightradar24. The data for October 31 is not available on the website, but the next flight on November 2 was forced to flew via Punjab, Rajasthan and Gujarat to reach its destination. The operates this flight four times in a week. The detour also means that the flight that was originally three- hour long, now takes additional 30 minutes to reach Sharjah. Reacting to Pakistan’s action, former J&K chief minister and National Conference leader Omar Abdullah took to Twitter and said, it was very unfortunate. Pakistan did the same thing with the Air India Express flight from Srinagar to Dubai in 2009-2010. I had hoped that @GoFirstairways being permitted to overfly Pak airspace was indicative of a thaw in relations but alas that wasn’t to be.  Blaming the Centre, PDP chief and former J&K chief minister Mehbooba Mufti tweeted puzzling that GoI didn’t even bother securing permission from Pakistan to use its airspace for international flights from Srinagar. OnlyPR extravaganza without any groundwork.

 

Romania: PM-designate gives up mandate to form government

Romania’s Prime Minister-designate relinquished his mandate to try to form a new government after it appeared he did not have enough support in parliament to get his proposed Cabinet approved. Former Army General Nicolae Ciuca of the National Liberal Party was set to put forward a new government on Wednesday. It was expected to fall short of the majority support needed after the opposition Social Democrat Party and the junior Save Romania Union (USR) party said they would not back Mr. Ciuca. 

Manchin wavers on Biden’s plan, Democrats vow to push ahead

Pivotal Senator Joe Manchin wavered on his support for President Joe Biden’s sweeping $1.75 trillion domestic policy proposal, but Democratic leaders vowed to push ahead, with initial voting possible on the bill and a related $1 trillion infrastructure package in the House this week. The West Virginia Democrat’s announcement Monday came as Democrats wanted assurances from Mr. Manchin that he will support Mr. Biden’s big package. He is one of two key holdout senators whose votes are needed to secure the deal and push it toward passage. 

 

India stays off UK-led deforestation declaration at COP26 summit  

India is among the countries that has chosen not to sign up to a Leaders’ Declaration on ending deforestation by 2030 at the COP26 climate summit on Tuesday, which is signed by over 100 countries including China and Brazil. The Glasgow Leaders’ Declaration on Forests and Land Use commits the signatories to halt and reverse forest loss and land degradation, backed by almost 14 billion pounds in public and private funding. 

 

SPORTS NEWS 

T20 World Cup: Beleaguered India up against gritty Afghans; Kohli faces big Ashwin question 

Senior off-spinner Ravichandran Ashwin’s inexplicable absence from the playing XI is in focus as India skipper Virat Kohli tries to figure the combination that can bring his team’s floundering campaign back on track when it takes on a feisty Afghanistan in the T20 World Cup on Wednesday. India’s run has been derailed after two crushing defeats against Pakistan and New Zealand and the performance that they have put in is not worthy of a semi-final spot even though mathematics keeps their hopes alive. 

T20 World Cup: New Zealand look to seize World Cup destiny against struggling Scotland 

A ruthless New Zealand will be eyeing to strengthen their semifinal chances with a solid knockout punch on an already struggling Scotland in a Group 2 Super 12 match of the ICC T20 World Cup on Wednesday. Handed a defeat by Pakistan in their tournament opener, Kane Williamson and his troops made a strong comeback in their next game. 

Manpreet added to Khel Ratna winners; sports ministry okays 35 Arjuna awardees  

Olympic bronze-winning Indian men’s hockey team captain Manpreet Singh was on Tuesday added to the list of Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna awardees, taking the total number of this year’s winners to an unparalleled 12, with the ceremony scheduled for November 13 at the Rashtrapati Bhavan. Manpreet was originally recommended for the Arjuna award but he joined veteran goalkeeper P.R. Sreejesh as the second hockey player in the list of awardees for the highest sporting honour. 

NATIONAL NEWS 

A mixed bag for the BJP

The results of the bypolls across 11 States for three Lok Sabha and 29 Assembly seats were announced on November 2. A significant outcome is the blow that the BJP suffered in Himachal Pradesh, losing all three Assembly seats and one Lok Sabha seat that went to the polls in the State that it rules. Himachal Pradesh is also the home State of the party’s president J P Nadda. The party, however, swept all five seats in Assam picked up victories in ones and twos in Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Telangana. The party’s allies also won in Meghalaya and Mizoram. The TMC swept West Bengal bypolls 4-0 while the Congress had some news to cheer, having defeated the BJP in straight contests in Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh.

Pledge to cut methane emissions

At the ongoing CoP26 global climate conference in Glasgow, world leaders have pledged to stop deforestation by 2030. They also decided to slash emissions of the greenhouse gas methane to slow climate change. The pledge to cut methane, which is eighty times more powerful than CO2 as a greenhouse gas, is one of the most effective ways of slowing climate change. However, the fact that the larger economies could not reach an agreement on a much more rapid reduction in the use of fossil fuels, has not gone well with the poorer economies, which bear the brunt of climate change.

A spy scandal

The CBI has filed a charge sheet against six people, including two serving Navy commanders and two retired officers, for allegedly leaking confidential commercial information about a submarine refit and upgrade programme. The Navy is also conducting an internal inquiry into the allegations. The allegation is that the serving commanders shared information with the retired officers, one of whom worked with a Korean company. During a raid in September, ₹2 crore in cash was allegedly seized from the premises of a retired Navy officer.

COP26: PM Modi meets Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates in Glasgow Climate Summit

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on November 2, 2021, met Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates on the sidelines of the COP26 Climate Summit in Glasgow. Both PM Modi and Bill Gates discussed ways to further sustainable development and mitigation of climate change. Gates had expressed optimism about this year’s UN Climate Conference where he said innovation will take center stage. Bill Gates in a tweet said, “By bringing the world together at COP26, we can find more ways to accelerate the development and adoption of the clean technologies we need to reach net-zero emissions.” Meanwhile, speaking at the COP26 Summit, PM Modi announced 5 goals for India to mitigate climate challenges. One of these five goals stated that India will achieve its net-zero carbon emissions target by 2070. On Day 2 of the COP26 Summit, PM Modi launched Infrastructure for Resilient Island States (IRIS) that aims to achieve sustainable development through a systematic approach to resilient, sustainable, and inclusive infrastructure in Small Island Developing States (SIDS).

EC announces bypolls to Rajya Sabha seats in West Bengal, Kerala on November 29

The Election Commission (EC) on October 31, 2021, announced by-polls to one Rajya Sabha seat each in West Bengal and Kerala on November 29, 2021. The poll notification will be issued on November 9, 2021. The two seats fell vacant after the resignation of Trinamool Congress (TMC) Arpita Ghosh from West Bengal on September 15, 2021, and Kerala Congress (M) leader Jose K. Mani from Kerala on January 11, 2021. The last date of filing nominations is November 16. The polling will be held on November 29 from 9 am to 4 pm. As per established practice, counting of votes will be conducted one hour after the voting phase ends.

GST collection in October 2021 crosses Rs 1.3 lakh crores, 2nd highest ever since GST introduction

The gross GST revenue collection in October 2021 exceeded Rs 1.3 lakh crores. The GST revenue collection for October 2021 has been the 2nd highest ever since the introduction of GST. The highest GST revenue collection was reported in April 2021. The GST revenue collection for October 2021 are 24 per cent higher than the GST revenues collection in October 2021. The trend reflects economic recovery. The revenues would have been higher if the supply of semi-conductors would not have been disrupted, the government said. In October 2021, the GST revenues were at Rs 1,30,127 crores of which IGST was Rs 67,361 crores (including Rs 32,998 crores from import of goods), SGST was Rs 30,421 crores, and CGST was Rs 23,861 crores, and cess at Rs 8,484 crores (including Rs 699 crores on import of goods). In October 2021, the revenues from the import of goods were 39 per cent higher and from the domestic transactions (including import of services) were 19 per cent higher than revenues from these sources during October 2020.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS 

Pakistan, China unlikely to attend meeting of NSAs by India on Afghanistan on November 10

Pakistan’s National Security Advisor Moeed Yusuf said that he will not attend the meeting of National Security Advisers (NSAs) called by India on Afghanistan on November 10, 2021, citing the reason that his country will not attend any meeting where there is no representation from the Taliban regime from Afghanistan. India has extended the invitation to NSAs of Russia, China, Iran, Pakistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan to discuss the situation in Afghanistan.

Taliban announces complete ban on use of foreign currency in Afghanistan

The Taliban on November 2, 2021, announced a complete ban on the use of foreign currency in Afghanistan. The move will make sure to cause further disruption to an economy that has been pushed to the brink of collapse by the abrupt withdrawal of international support. The surprise move by the militant group came hours after at least 25 people were killed and more than 50 wounded when gunmen attacked Afghanistan’s biggest military hospital after two heavy explosions at the site in Central Kabul. Taliban in a statement, shared with the journalists by one of their spokespersons, said that the economic situation and national interests in the country required that all the Afghans use Afghan currency in their every trade. The use of US dollars has been widespread in the markets of Afghanistan, while the border areas use the currency of the neighboring countries such as Pakistan for trade. The Taliban government has been pressing for the release of billions of dollars of the Central Bank reserves as the drought-stricken country faces a cash crunch, new migration crisis, and cash crunch. Afghanistan has parked billions of dollars in assets overseas with various central banks in Europe and the US Federal Reserve. However, that has money has been frozen since the Islamist Taliban ousted the Western-backed government in Afghanistan in August 2021.

SPORTS NEWS 

T20I series – India vs New Zealand: Rahul likely to be captain for Team India

As per media reports, KL Rahul is likely to be Captain for Team India during the upcoming T20I series against the New Zealand team. The T20I series between India and New Zealand will be played on November 17 in Jaipur, November 19 in Ranchi, and November 21 in Kolkata. The two-Test Matches will be played from November 25 to 29, 2021 in Kanpur and from December 3 to 7, 2021 in Mumbai.

NATIONAL NEWS 

CoP 26 and the doomsday scenario

The 26th Conference of Parties, the key meeting on climate change organised by the UN, kicked off in Glasgow today. Indian PM Narendra Modi is in attendance with leaders of most countries. Prime Minister of the host nation Boris Johnson opened the summit with a very British analogy, of James Bond strapped to a ‘world-ending’ bomb while figuring out how to stop it from going off. It is an apt comparison as the latest reports show that the world is headed for a 2.7-degree Celsius rise in temperature above pre-industrial age levels by 2100, which would spell doom for most species on Earth. The attempt now is to limit that rise to 1.5 degree Celsius, which would mean that nations have to commit to substantially more emission cuts than what they have already at the CoP 21 in Paris in 2015. India’s stance here becomes critical as it is one of the nations that are now among the largest emitters now but bear little responsibility for the bulk of human emissions since the 1850s. India’s Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav, speaking for other nations in the same situation such as Brazil, South African and China, emphasised on differentiated responsibilities that would take historical emissions into considerations. Another significant group at the summit are small island nations such as Maldives, who have no significant role in causing global warming but will bear the brunt of it as sea levels rise. 

No blanket bans on firecrackers

In another significant observation on firecrackers, the Supreme Court today said that a blanket ban on firecrackers was not possible. The court said that restrictions it had brought in earlier were applicable only to firecrackers containing chemicals that were harmful to people and the environment. The verdict comes ahead of Deepavali, during which firecrackers lead to significant rise in pollution in cities like Delhi. However, there has been significant opposition to any blanket bans from firecrackers companies who see the most significant volume of sales during the festival. With the court emphasising that ‘green’ or environment friendly firecrackers are allowed, the focus this year will also be on enforcement. Civic authorities will have to ensure that sale of firecrackers containing banned chemical such as barium salts are not allowed, which is a tedious process.

Some positive news on the economy

Some positive date on the economy emerged today, with exports for October clocking a growth of 5% over the previous month. The trade deficit for October was also lower than September’s. Another positive data was that India’s manufacturing sector expanded for the fourth month in a row in October, with the IHS Markit Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) rising to 55.9 from 53.7 in September. October also saw the country’s gross GST collection cross the ₹1.3 lakh crore mark, the second highest collection since the tax regime was implemented in July 2017. Tempering the positives were the data which showed that despite manufacturing improving, job losses in the sector continued.

J&K sanctions constitution of a specialised agency

The Home Department of the government of Jammu and Kashmir has sanctioned the constitution of a specialised agency. The agency, called the Special Investigation Agency (SIA), has been sanctioned for the investigation and prosecution of offences, including UAPA and those under Explosive Substances Act. Counting of votes underway for 3 Parliamentary seats, 30 Assembly seats. The counting of votes for by-election to three Parliamentary constituencies in three states and 30 Assembly constituencies in 14 states got underway on November 2, 2021.  The Parliamentary bypolls were held in Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. The Assembly by poll was held across 14 states, including 5 in Assam, 2 in Bihar, 3 in Himachal Pradesh, 2 in Karnataka and 4 in West Bengal. The four assembly seats in West Bengal include -Dinhata, Khardaha, Gosaba (SC), and Santipur. The results of all bypolls will be announced today. 

Indian Army conducts airborne exercise in Eastern Ladakh amid standoff with China

The Shatrujeet Brigade of the Indian Army will be conducting an airborne exercise along the Northern Borders in Eastern Ladakh to validate its rapid response capabilities. The militaries of India and China have been engaged in a border standoff in Eastern Ladakh since May 2020 when the violent clash in the Pangong Lake area led to both sides gradually rushing in thousands of soldiers as well as weaponry. After a series of military and diplomatic talks, China and India completed the disengagement process in the Gogra area in August 2021 and in the north and south banks of the Pangong Lake in February 2021. Each of the countries still has, currently, around 50,000 to 60,000 troops along the LAC (Line of Actual Control) in the sensitive sector. The airborne troops of the Indian Army’s Shatrujeet Brigade, on November 1, were inserted into a drop zone at an altitude of more than 14,000 feet as part of the exercise. These pre-acclimatized troops along with specialist vehicles and missile detachments were transported through C-130 and AN-32 aircraft from 5 different mounting bases. It was done to validate the inter-theatre move, rapid grouping, precision stand-off, and capture of designated objectives with speed and surprise. The drop was challenging because of the low temperatures of up to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the rarefied atmosphere in the super high-altitude terrain.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS 

UK PM accepts PM Modi’s invitation to India

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson has accepted PM Narendra Modi’s invitation to India during their bilateral meeting on the sidelines of COP-26 on November 1, 2021. The UK said that he would plan his visit as soon as the circumstances allow.

COP-26 World Leaders’ Summit in Glasgow

While addressing COP-26 World Leaders’ Summit, PM Narendra Modi said, “At this global brainstorming on climate change, I would like to present 5 ‘amrit tatva’ from India. I gift this ‘panchamrit'”. He also pledged that India will achieve the target of net zero by 2070. PM Modi reiterated that climate change is a major threat to the existence to many developing countries and we must take major steps to save the world. 

Elon Musk’s SpaceX establishes subsidiary in India, plans to apply for license

SpaceX, owned by the world’s richest person Elon Musk, on November 1, 2021, established its wholly-owned subsidiary in India in order to start local broadband operations. The satellite broadband arm of SpaceX, Starlink aims to start the broadband services in India from December 2022, with 2 lakh active terminals subject to permission from the Government of India. Startlink country director India at SpaceX, Sanjay Bhargava said in a social media post, “Please to share that SpaceX now has a 100% owned subsidiary in India.  The name is SSCPL- Starlink Satellite Communications Private Limited and the incorporation date is November 1, 2021. Happy Birthday, SSCPL. We can now start applying for licenses, open bank accounts, etc. SpaceX’s subsidiary will be charging a deposit of USD 99 or Rs. 7,350 per customer. It also claims to deliver data speeds in the range of 50 to 150 megabits per second in the beta stage. The services of Starlink will compete with that of Reliance Jio, Vodafone Idea, Bharti Airtel in broadband and it will also be a direct competitor to Bharti Group-backed OneWeb. Elon Musk’s SpaceX is keen to work in the rural areas of India for providing broadband services. The cost of Starlink’s satellite broadband service, in India, will be around Rs. 1 lakh annually (about $100 dollars a month) while the kit, which will include the modem, dish, and cable, will cost about Rs. 40,000. In order to get a connection, customers will have to pre-book. The company has also been looking to partner with entrepreneurs to make the services more affordable in India. For example, an entrepreneur can set up village centres where satellite broadband services can be used to provide services such as digital libraries, ATMs, cyber café, among others. There is also a huge potential for Starlink services in India as nearly 70% of schools do not have broadband connectivity. The courts are also another area, where its services can be expanded. The company will soon start applying for licenses to offer its satellite broadband services.

 

NATIONAL NEWS 

India will achieve net-zero carbon emissions target by 2070, PM Modi at climate summit in Glasgow

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on November 1, 2021, addressed the COP26 World Leaders’ Summit in Glasgow, Scotland, where he highlighted that adaptation has not gained much importance in the global climate debate as much as mitigation of climate crisis. During India’s national statement at COP26, he elaborated on India’s vision and efforts. He said India will achieve its net-zero carbon emissions target by 2070. He also met UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson on the sidelines of the COP26 Summit. Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrived in Glasgow on October 31, 2021, to participate in the 26th Conference of Parties (COP26) on Climate Change from November 1, 2021, to November 2, 2021. PM Modi had arrived in Glasgow after concluding the 16th G20 Summit 2021 during his three-day visit to Rome. Meanwhile, the COP26 to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) began on October 31, 2021, in Glasgow, Scotland. Under the Presidency of the UK partnering with Italy in Glasgow, COP26 is being held from October 31 to November 12, 2021. PM Modi addressed the World Leaders’ Summit (WLS) at the 26th Conference of Parties (COP26) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at the Scottish Event Campus (SEC) in Glasgow. He addressed the leader-level COP26 event ‘Action and Solidarity: The Critical Decade’. In his address, PM Modi highlighted that adaptation has not gained much importance in the global climate debate as much as mitigation of climate crisis. He stressed the need to include climate change adaptation policies in all development policies and projects. Lack of climate adaptation policies is an injustice to developing countries that are more susceptible to climate change. In most developing countries including India, the climate is a big challenge for farmers. Untimely rains and floods, changing cropping patterns, frequent storms destroying crops are a few of many challenges.

Vishakhapatnam: Indian Navy receives first P15B Guided-Missile Destroyer

The Indian Navy has received its first P15B stealth guided missile destroyer from the Mazgaon Shipbuilders on October 28, 2021. As per the official statement, the construction and the delivery of the ship- named Vishakhapatnam- is another testament of the impetus given by the Government of India and the Navy to the indigenous warship construction Programme. The Indian Navy said on Twitter, Vishakhapatnam- first of the indigenous P15B stealth guided-missile destroyers being built at Mazagaon Dock, Mumbai delivered to Indian Navy on October 28, 2021. Vishakhapatnam, a stealth-guided missile destroyer, has the capability of launching guided anti-aircraft missiles from its deck. As per the Indian Navy, the induction of the destroyer not only enhances the combat readiness of the Indian Navy but will also be a major leap forward towards India’s quest for Aatmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India). The contract for the four ships of Project 15B, as the Vishakhapatnam class ships are known, was signed in January 2011. The latest project is a follow-on of the Kolkata Class (Project 15A) destroyers commissioned in the last decade. The four ships, designed by the Directorate of Naval Design and built by Mazagaon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd., Mumbai, are christened after the major cities from all four corners of India, such as Mormugao, Vishakhapatnam, Surat, and Imphal.

16th G20 Summit 2021 Highlights: Leaders adopt Rome Declaration; PM Modi calls G20 Summit ‘fruitful’

Prime Minister Modi had reached Italy to attend the 16th G20 Summit which was scheduled to be held in Rome on October 30-31, 2021. He paid tribute to Mahatma Gandhi on his first day of arrival in Rome and he also called on Pope Francis in the Vatican during his two-day visit. Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Rome and the Vatican City from October 29 to October 31, 2021, at the invitation of Prime Minister of Italy Mario Draghi. As the G20 Summit 2021 concludes, Prime Minister has now landed in Glasgow, United Kingdom, on November 1-2 for the COP26 meeting. He will be visiting the country at the invitation of UK PM Boris Johnson. Prime Minister Modi, along with other leaders of G20, have agreed that the WHO will be strengthened to fast-track the process for emergency use authorization for COVID-19 Vaccines. As clean energy and innovation will play a significant role in the years to come, the energy security and energy markets have also been recognized by the G20 Leaders. G20 Leaders commit to Paris Agreement: The G20 Leaders said that they remain committed to the Paris Agreement goal of keeping the global average temperature increase well below 2 degrees Celsius and pursue the efforts of limiting it to 1.5 degree celsius above pre-industrial levels.

Health Minister’s meeting on dengue: Centre to send expert team to states with rising Dengue cases, speed testing to be done

Union Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya chaired a review meeting on the dengue situation in Delhi on November 1, 2021. The Minister said on the occasion that on-ground initiatives like hotspot identification, fogging and timely treatment will be carried out. The central government will also be sending a team of experts to the states with rising Dengue cases. He also assured the centre’s full support to the states. The Minister stressed on active coordination between the Centre and states during the meeting. He also pointed out that many poor people are not diagnosed properly and their death goes unreported and stressed on the need to ramp up testing. The Centre will send a team of experts to all states that have been witnessing a rise in dengue cases. The expert team will do detailed planning with the Delhi government to monitor the dengue cases in the capital. An awareness campaign will also be run in the schools and necessary speed-testing will be conducted.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS 

G20 Rome Leaders’ Declaration:  G20 leaders adopt Rome Declaration at G20 Summit

The leaders of all G20 nations adopted the’Rome Declaration’ at the G20 Summit, informed India’s Sherpa to G20 Summit & Union Minister Piyush Goyal. He said that the declaration gives a very strong message under health section where the leaders agreed that COVID immunization is a global public good. All leaders agreed that they should all move quickly towards mutual recognition of COVID-19 vaccines, especially those that have received the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by WHO. The leaders also reaffirmed their commitment to enhancing digital financial inclusion of the vulnerable sections of the society including MSMEs and reiterated their commitment to strengthening long-term financial resilience & supporting inclusive growth and developing local currency capital markets. The leaders also held discussions on agriculture and livelihoods of small & marginal farmers and agreed that improving their livelihoods is an important global effort that they will have to put in. The discussions also included energy and climate change issues at their centre stage with India and many other developing countries pushing for safeguarding the interest of the developing world.

Elon Musk to spend $6 billion to solve world hunger if UN shares a spending plan

SpaceX and Tesla CEO Elon Musk on October 31, 2021, said that he is willing to sell some Tesla stocks if the World Food Programme (WFP) shares a plan on how 2 per cent of total wealth which is $6 billion could solve world hunger. The development came days after in response to a remark by United Nations (UN) World Food Programme’s Director David Beasley who said that a small group of ultra-rich individuals could help solve global hunger with a just a fraction of their net worth. Billionaires need to step up now, on a one-time basis, said Beasley. $6 billion to help 42 million people that are literally going to die if we don’t reach them. It’s not complicated, Beasley added in an interview on CNN. In response, SpaceX and Tesla CEO Elon Musk tweeted that if WFP can describe on this Twitter thread exactly how $6 billion will solve world hunger, I will sell Tesla stock right now and do it. Musk also added, Please publish your current & proposed spending in detail so people can see exactly where the money goes. WFP Director calls on billionaires Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos to step up to end world hunger Billionaires need to step up now, on a one-time basis, said Beasley. $6 billion to help 42 million people that are literally going to die if we don’t reach them. It’s not complicated, Beasley added in an interview on CNN. David Beasley further pointed out that the 2 per cent which is $6 billion of Musk’s total wealth will prevent geopolitical instability, mass migration and save 42 million people on the brink of starvation. He explained that $6 billion will aid in mitigating the unprecedented crisis and a perfect storm due to COVID-19 pandemic, conflicts, as well as global climate crises. In a response to Musk’s tweet to publish spending plans in public, Beasley tweeted, I can assure you that we have the systems in place for transparency and open source accounting. Your team can review and work with us to be totally confident of such.

NATIONAL NEWS 

Prime Minister Modi extends invitation to Pope Francis

In his first visit to the Vatican Prime Minister Narendra Modi invited Pope Francis to visit India. The invitation was extended during a meeting between them on Saturday morning in the Vatican. Had a very warm meeting with Pope Francis. I had the opportunity to discuss a wide range of issues with him and also invited him to visit India, said the Prime Minister Modi in a social media post after the meeting. Modi was scheduled to meet the Pope for half an hour but an informed source said the meeting extended beyond the scheduled time. Mr. Modi and the Pope discussed a wide range of issues aimed at making our planet better such as fighting climate change and removing poverty, said the source. Modi, who gifted a silver candle stand to the Pope, was accompanied by National Security Adviser Ajit Doval, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and Foreign Secretary Harsh Vardhan Shringla. The Prime Minister gave Pope Francis a silver candelabra and a book, The Climate Climb: India’s strategy, actions and achievements. The Pope gave Mr. Modi a collection of his main teaching documents and a bronze medallion featuring a tree and the words in Italian The desert will become a garden. Pope Francis has been vocal about the need to act on climate change and spoken in the past against enduring conflicts in Syria and Afghanistan. He has called upon countries to take in refugees from Afghanistan and spoken against racism and other forms of hate crimes. The Pope has called on countries to act urgently to deal with the issue of climate change. On Friday, he said, Climate change can be faced with a renewed sense of shared responsibility for our world, and an effective solidarity based on justice, a sense of our common destiny and a recognition of the unity of our human family in God’s plan for the world. Modi became one of the leaders of the G20 who met the Pope on the sidelines of the summit in Rome. U.S. President Joe Biden met Pope Francis on Friday. The last Papal visit to India took place in 1999 when Pope John Paul II was hosted here. Pope Francis visited Sri Lanka in 2015 and he was hosted by Myanmar and Bangladesh in 2017. But on both the occasions, India was not part of his travel plans. He made history by visiting Iraq earlier this year, which was his first visit to the war-torn country. He also visited the United Arab Emirates in 2019. Modi’s personal invite indicates that a Papal visit to India is likely soon. The Prime Minister also interacted with world leaders, including US President Joe Biden, on the sidelines of the G20 summit.

Aryan Khan is out on bail

Mumbai film industry star Shahrukh Khan’s son Aryan Khan was released from the Arthur Road jail on the morning of October 30, after spending 25 days in prison. Khan junior was arrested on October 3 by the Narcotics Control Bureau from a cruise ship after some other individuals on board were found with contraband. He was sent to Arthur Road Jail on October 8. The Bombay High Court on October 29 directed Aryan Khan, Arbaaz Merchant and Munmun Dhamecha to execute a bond of ₹ 1 lakh with one or more sureties in order to be released from jail in the drug case busted on a cruise ship. While he was granted bail by the Bombay high Court on October 28 the detailed bail order, citing bail conditions was made available only the following day; his release got further delayed by a day.One of the advocates appearing for Khan told The Hindu that there was a delay in taking the papers to Arthur Road Jail and as per protocol no inmate is released after 5.30 p.m. Hence, Khan had to spend one more night in prison. Each of the Applicants/Accused shall execute P. R. Bond of ₹1 lakh with one or more sureties in the like amount. They shall not indulge in any activity similarly registered against them for offences under the Narcotics Drugs Psychotropic Substances Act. Applicants/Accused shall not try to establish communication with co-accused or any other person involved directly or indirectly in similar activities or make any call to any person indulging in similar activities as alleged against them, through any mode of communication. They shall not undertake any action which is prejudicial to the proceedings before the Hon’ble Special Court [established under the NDPS Act]. They shall neither personally or through anyone make any attempt to influence witnesses nor tamper with the evidence. They shall surrender their passport before the Special Court immediately. They shall not make any statement regarding the aforesaid proceedings pending before the Special Court in any form of media i.e. print media, electronic media etc. including social media. They shall not leave the country without prior permission from the Special Judge for NDPS. They shall attend the NCB Mumbai office on each Friday between 11:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. to mark their presence. The HC’s order granting bail to Aryan Khan was hailed by several film personalities, while a huge group of fans gathered outside Shah Rukh Khan’s sea-facing bungalow ‘Mannat’ in suburban Bandra in a show of solidarity and to celebrate end of his son’s incarceration.

Mamata Banerjee attacks Congress

Modiji is going to be more powerful because of the Congress, Trinamool Congress chairperson Mamata Banerjee said as she continued her attack on the Congress during her visit to Goa; making it the second time since the Bengal CM trained her guns on the Congress. The West Bengal Chief Minister also accused the Congress of not being serious about politics. It was not taking decisions in time, she alleged. They did not take politics seriously. Modiji is going to be more powerful because of the Congress… If one cannot make the decision, why the country should suffer for that. They [Congress] have got enough opportunities, she stated. This was the second day in a row that the Bannerjee had targeted the Congress. Her criticism of the grand old party came on the day when Congress leader Rahul Gandhi was visiting Goa. Banerjee arrived in Goa on October 28. On October 30, she interacted with media persons and visited the Mapusa market and interacted with locals. Ms. Banerjee noted that the Congress fielded candidates against her party in her State Assembly polls and one should not expect her to throw flowers at them. Instead of the BJP, they contested against me in my State. When they contested against my political party in Bengal, how can they expect that we will shower flowers in return, she remarked. The Congress, along with Left parties and the Indian Secular Front, fielded candidates against the Trinamool Congress. It, however, did not field a candidate against Banerjee in the Bhabanipur bypoll on September 30. Reacting to her remarks, West Bengal Pradesh Congress president Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury observed that Banerjee was the Trojan Horse of the BJP. Before August 20, the Congress was all good. What happened between August 20 and September 16 that the Chief Minister nephew [Abhishek Banerjee] came out of the office of the Enforcement Directorate and started targeting the Congress, Chowdhury asked.

Kohli lashes out spineless trolls for targeting Shami

A livid India captain Virat Kohli on Saturday hit back at spineless trolls who attacked Mohammed Shami’s religion after the team lost to Pakistan in its inaugural T20 World Cup game and said targetting people for their faith is the most pathetic thing to do. Shami, who endured an off day in India’s 10-wicket defeat, was trolled on Instagram for his Muslim identity. Attacking someone over their religion is the most, I would say, pathetic thing that a human being can do, skipper Kohli didn’t mince words on the eve of his team’s crucial match against New Zealand when asked about the trolling that his senior pacer faced. There is a good reason why we are playing on the field and not some bunch of spineless people on social media that have no courage to actually speak to any individual in person, he said. Kohli reminded the naysayers that the bond among the team members is so strong that this kind of chatter doesn’t infiltrate the protective shield they have created for themselves. Talking about his take on social media abuse, Kohli termed it as the lowest level of operative human potential.

INTERNATIONAL NEWS 

USAID Launched 5 Year Initiative ‘SAREP’ to Accelerate Clean Energy Transition and Improve Energy Access in South Asia

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has launched South Asia Regional Energy Partnership (SAREP), a new 5 year, 49 million USD initiative to facilitate collaboration among Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. This initiative will harness the clean energy potential of the South Asian region to reduce emissions, combat climate change, and stimulate economic growth and powers health systems. The initiative aims to improve access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy. During the April 2021 Leaders Climate Summit, Joe Biden, President of America and Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India launched the US India climate and Clean Energy Agenda 2030 partnership. SAREP will support various regional activities established under this collaboration and assist both countries to demonstrate how the world can align swift climate action with inclusive and resilient development across the region. SAREP will offer opportunities to move forward using advanced technologies and infrastructure and assist to facilitate a transition to sustainable energy, including through innovative financing. The clean energy transition will support women’s economic empowerment and lead to a wide range of economic and health benefits for the 1.5 billion citizens of the South Asian region. The initiative which is customised to the priorities of each country will enable the deployment of renewable energy and energy-efficient technologies, transform and modernize utilities, drive regional cooperation, and stimulate private-sector participation and investments.

China successfully launches Optical Remote Sensing Satellite ‘Jilin-1 Gaofen 02F’

On October 27,2021, China successfully launched an optical remote sensing satellite namely ‘Jilin-1 Gaofen 02F’ from a low-cost small, solid-fuel carrier rocket Kuaizhou-1A (KZ-1A) in the Jilin-1 Earth-imaging constellation. It was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwestern Gansu Province. The Jilin-1 constellation will consist of up to 138 satellites by the end of the decade. It will contain different types of satellites to perform different roles. Jilin-1 Gaofen 02F will provide high-resolution images and high-speed data transmission. Kuaizhou-1A is a low-cost small solid-fuel carrier rocket with a short preparation period. Developed by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation, it is designed to launch low-orbit satellites weighing less than 300kg.